In the future, the main selection of various types of terminal screens that can be curled and thinned like paper is OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode). The most important part of the OLED production process is “steamingâ€, which is extremely difficult.
The vacuum evaporation machine is like the "heart" of the OLED panel process. It is monopolized by Canon Tokki in Japan, saying that it can not overdo the throat of the OLED industry. The industry's annual production forecast is usually in the range of several to more than a dozen. between. If you have money, you can't buy it. It's about it.
Unfortunately, at present, there is no enterprise that produces vapor deposition machines in China, and we have no say in this field.
This device is like an "admission ticket" for producing OLED panels.
Buying Canon Tokki's equipment is like getting an "admission ticket" for producing OLED panels. Canon Tokki's reputation in the industry is very similar to that of the top lithography machine company ASML.
With only 300 employees, it basically monopolizes the supply of global vacuum evaporation machines. Each unit has a price of over US$100 million. It is still difficult to find a machine.
It is said that the important premise of BOE 6th generation flexible OLED production line that can be mass-produced in advance is that it has obtained the vacuum evaporation machine of Canon Tokki. The reason why Samsung can monopolize the production and supply of small and medium-sized OLEDs is also because of the assists of Canon Tokki.
There are more than one manufacturer of vapor deposition equipment. Why is Canon Tokki hard to find? Because its mass production stability and technological maturity advantages are unparalleled.
Can I buy a Canon Tokki device with a good yield? otherwise.
Luo Haoyuan, investment partner of Zhongyue Jinqiao, told the Science and Technology Daily reporter: “Although the evaporation equipment is a key link in OLED production, a production line must achieve mass management and high-quality production, and scientific management and integration of the entire production chain should be carried out. Make sure that each process is controllable and reliable. However, there is no vacuum evaporation equipment, and there is no way to talk about it."
Canon Tokki can control evaporation error within 5 microns
Evaporation is the key to the OLED manufacturing process, which directly affects the OLED screen display. The work of the vapor deposition machine is to accurately, uniformly and controlly vaporize the OLED organic light-emitting material onto the substrate.
A large number of organic materials used in OLED display panels are highly susceptible to oxygen and water, and organic materials are also prone to contamination. Therefore, vapor deposition of panels is generally carried out in a vacuum environment and independently of each other.
By means of current heating, electron beam bombardment heating and laser heating, the vaporized material is evaporated into atoms or molecules. They move linearly in a large free path and collide with the surface of the substrate to form a film. This process is vacuum. Evaporation.
"In layman's terms, every pixel of the OLED screen is steamed up. In addition to the luminescent materials, the metal electrodes are also steamed up, and the actual operation is very complicated.
The concept of Canon Tokki's ability to evaporate organic light-emitting materials onto substrates is controlled within 5 microns. What is the concept? 1 micron is equivalent to 1% of the hair diameter. Luo Haoyuan said, "There is no other company's evaporation machine to achieve this precision. â€
Concentrated in a field for more than 20 years, Canon Tokki has many patents, for example, it has long applied machine vision to equipment. In the production process, it is very difficult to align the glass substrate and the fine metal mesh used as the pixel template. With the camera tracking, Canon Tokki can narrow the error range to the human red blood cell size.
This is a multi-dimensional, three-dimensional comprehensive breakthrough
For example, Professor Ouyang Zhongcan, a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that China's flat panel shows the world's number one, but it is big but not strong. China's OLED enterprises mainly gather in the application fields of display terminals such as panels and mobile phones in the middle and lower reaches of the industrial chain, and the upstream core production equipment is completely dependent on imports.
At that time, Samsung selected more than 40 steaming machine manufacturers from around the world to today's most popular Canon Tokki. During the idling period of the OLED industry, Tokki was still fully supported during the bankruptcy crisis. This kind of trouble friendship made Samsung once exclusively take over all of Canon Tokki. Yield.
Zhang Guobin, the founder of the electronic innovation network and a semiconductor technology expert, told the Science and Technology Daily reporter: "Although it may not be able to play away from Canon Tokki Samsung, Samsung’s judgment and grasp of industry trends and technology is worthy of our reflection."
Luo Haoyuan agrees with Zhang Guobin's point of view: "The specific core equipment of the vacuum vapor deposition machine that is stuck in the industry throat can be chased, how to chase, from top to bottom are very confused. China's current OLED industry layout and promotion methods can make We will form an industrial scale in the short term, but we will not be able to achieve independent research and development and equipment capabilities for high-end equipment. This problem will not be solved, let alone the vacuum evaporation machine, the breakthrough of other OLED equipment will also be empty talk."
Yuan Tong, executive deputy secretary-general of China Electronic Materials Industry Association, believes that materials or equipment are not a single product. It involves the systematic process and technology of the panel. If only the supporting enterprise has its own power, it may only realize one kind of material. Or localization of equipment. Luo Haoyuan said: "This is a multi-dimensional, three-dimensional comprehensive breakthrough."
The production of OLEDs is difficult in precision manufacturing, and the technical barriers to precision manufacturing are in precision equipment. Although the domestic OLED large-scale production line equipment is still blank, the OLED scientific research type vapor deposition equipment has reached the international level, and the pilot-scale production equipment has been successfully developed. "Although it is a bit far from getting rid of the 'vacuum', it is good to go on the road." Luo Haoyuan said.
"The lack of core equipment such as vacuum evaporation machine reflects the shortcomings in China's basic research, precision machining, automation control and many other fields." Luo Haoyuan said, "Although it is difficult, but a generation has a generation of missions, I hope we A generation can produce a vacuum evaporation machine."
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