The decline in prices has made cars play an increasingly important role in people's lives. Along with the increasing opportunities for people to deal with cars, people's understanding of car parts is getting deeper and deeper, and the requirements are getting higher and higher. As far as the headlights are concerned, it not only has an important role in enhancing the value of the face, but also plays a role in lighting, instruction, etc., and cannot be underestimated.
Looking at the development of the lights, in 1885, when the German Carl Bentz invented the car, the lights evolved from the original chemical lamp era to the electric lamp era after more than 100 years of evolution, in which the electric lights changed from incandescent lamps to now. Mainstream halogen, xenon and LED lights and laser light and OLED lights for the foreseeable future.
From public information
In terms of headlights, the mainstream of the market at present is halogen headlights, xenon headlights and LED headlights. Among them, halogen headlights still occupy a large market share in the domestic low-end models, but are shrinking year by year; LED headlights have become the new darling of the automobile trend and are widely used in the automotive field.
Halogen headlights are our most common headlights and have been applied to the body since the 1960s and have been around for more than half a century. The principle of halogen headlights is the same as that of household incandescent bulbs. It is to energize the tungsten wire to make it emit light. In order to prevent the tungsten filament from being quickly depleted at high temperature, the halogen element gas is refilled in the lamp.
Xenon headlights began in Europe in the 1990s, and its appearance announced the obsolescence of halogen headlights. Instead of using tungsten filaments, it is filled with high-pressure helium gas in a quartz tube and stimulates xenon illumination with a high-voltage current of 23,000 volts. The xenon lamp is similar to the effect of sunlight. Since there is no tungsten wire, it has a longer life and emits higher brightness and lower energy consumption.
The main feature of Xenon headlights is that they emit more light, have higher energy efficiency, have higher energy density and light intensity, and have a much longer service life than halogen lamps. In recent years, in the domestic automotive lighting market, the proportion of xenon lamps in the mid- to high-end models has begun to decline but still dominates, and the assembly rate of low-end models has increased.
LED headlights refer to the use of LEDs (light-emitting diodes) as the light source. Because LEDs have high brightness, rich color, low power consumption and long life, they have been widely recognized and widely used in the automotive field.
The high-tech LED research found that LED lights have become the standard for new models in 2018, especially new energy vehicles. As a powerful challenger for halogen headlights and xenon headlights, LED headlights have unparalleled advantages over other two types of headlights in terms of light intensity, energy consumption and longevity.
Data from public sources
As can be seen from the above table: in terms of light intensity, halogen headlights
In fact, the structure of the LED headlights is basically consistent with the current traditional headlight structure, and is concentrated by reflection or lens structure. The difference is that the LED headlights are often composed of a plurality of LED elements, and a control module is required to perform the entire system. control.
It is worth noting that since the LED component is sensitive to temperature changes, if the junction temperature (the PN junction temperature of the LED, the PN junction, that is, the LED illumination source) is high, the LED illumination performance will be reduced, so the LED headlights dissipate heat. The requirements are high and require a good thermal design to ensure the temperature stability of the LED components. At the same time, LED headlights are significantly higher than halogen headlights and xenon headlights in terms of price.
Chen Gang, general manager of BYD's sixth business unit, said that the main factor affecting the promotion of high-end car lights is the price. Only when the industry pushes the cost reduction together can the high-end car lights be promoted more quickly.
With the development of technology and the decline of manufacturing costs, LED lamps have also been widely used in mass production of headlights in recent years after technical verification. It is observed that the mid- to high-end models have now reflected the trend of LED. Brands including Volkswagen, General Motors, BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Ford have launched new models of LED front and rear lighting fixtures with brand recognition effects, which have successfully attracted many consumers.
The widespread use of LED lights in automobiles has led to an increase in market space every year. According to the data of the High-tech Research Institute LED Research Institute (GGII), the overall market of LED automotive lighting in China reached 24.5 billion yuan in 2017, a year-on-year increase of 26%. With the beginning of LED car lighting, the LED car lighting will gradually penetrate in the mid-end models. Maintaining rapid growth, GGII expects China's LED automotive lighting market to exceed 42.5 billion yuan by 2020.
At present, due to the high threshold requirements for heat dissipation, reliability and brightness of the headlights of the automobile, the LED market is mainly occupied by large international manufacturers represented by Japan's Nichia, Germany's Osram and Holland Philips. Domestic independent manufacturers are relatively Weak. However, automotive LEDs such as Hongli Zhihui, Jufei Optoelectronics, Jingke Electronics and other domestic packaging companies have gradually met the vehicle-level standards, and domestic LED headlights are expected to break the ice.
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