According to the robot's application environment and the status of China's robot's own market, the Chinese Institute of Electronics divides robots into three categories: industrial robots, service robots, and special robots. Among them, industrial robots refer to multi-joint robots or multi-degree-of-freedom robots that are oriented toward the industrial field. They use automated control to replace certain monotonous, frequent, and repetitive long-time operations in the industrial production process.
Industrial robots are considered to be an important cornerstone of smart manufacturing, but domestic robots and chip industries actually have similar constraints, namely, high external dependence, lack of core technologies, and hinder the development of smart manufacturing in China. At the 5th China Robotics Summit held recently, how did industrial robots break into the focus of everyone's discussion.
According to the forecast data of the Forecasting and Transformation Analysis of Production and Sales of China's Industrial Robotics Industry by the Industry Research Institute of Foresighted Industry, China’s sales of robots reached 87,000 units in 2016, a year-on-year increase of 26.9%, faster than the global growth rate of 15.9%, and accounting for 30% of global sales. . In 2017, the annual sales volume of industrial robots in China was 111,000 units, an increase of 27.59% year-on-year, and the growth rate has been expanding for three consecutive years.
Robot faces core technical problems
The robot market in our country is growing rapidly. By 2020, the sales volume will reach 200,000 units. The roadmap for technological innovation in the key areas of China Manufacturing 2025 released on January 26 last year (2017 version) proposes that by 2020, the market share of self-owned brand industrial robots will reach over 50%, and the localization rate of key components will reach over 50%.
Qu Xianming, member of the National Strategy Committee for Manufacturing Powerful Country Construction, said that the key to the problem now is to absorb the lessons learned from the lagged development of chips and strive to basically solve the bottleneck of relying on foreign key spare parts for robots by 2020.
The industrial robot industry is indeed facing the trend of blowout, but this kind of blowout must rely on the promotion of independent components and integration technology to solve the current unbalanced supply imbalance. Although key components have made breakthroughs in recent years, high-end components such as motors and spindles still rely heavily on imports.
Li Zexiang, a professor at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, believes that the core components of robots have always been a bottleneck problem that has plagued the development of domestic robots. How to overcome this bottleneck and make the national robot industry, especially the industrial robot industry, develop rapidly and steadily is a dream for all robotics industry practitioners. It is also a long-term pursuit.
Why is the robot so important
Robots are the key to the intelligent manufacturing of the equipment industry, and even the core equipment. The core of intelligent equipment is actually an intelligent robot. Robots provide powerful support for intelligent manufacturing.
Machine networking is the basis of smart manufacturing, but by the end of 2017, the number of companies connected to the Internet is only 39%, especially for SMEs. Mao Guanglie, director of the Intelligent Manufacturing Experts Committee of Zhejiang Province, said that SMEs are still far from the requirements for full implementation of smart manufacturing. In fact, there are very few enterprises that actually realize data-based manufacturing and turn entire enterprises' big data into full communication. Some large companies also only achieved automation and intelligent production in some secondary branch plants and some workshops. The SMEs have completed less automation, intelligence, and production-wide transformations. Therefore, the promotion of smart manufacturing in small and medium-sized enterprises is indeed a problem to be solved.
Industrial robots are the most important intelligent manufacturing equipment in manufacturing systems. As the proportion of human resources in the manufacturing system is getting smaller and smaller, the pace of development of the smart manufacturing equipment industry has obviously not kept pace with the progress.
"To speed up the development of our intelligent manufacturing equipment industry, the core of this industry development is industrial robots." According to Zhu Sendi, a member of the National Strategy Committee for Manufacturing Powerful Country Construction, industrial robots are the most important intelligent manufacturing equipment. Use a robot. It can be said that without a robot, smart manufacturing systems are difficult to achieve.
Robots should provide strong support for smart manufacturing, but robotics itself faces great challenges. Ding Han, dean of the Institute of Mechanical Science and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Huazhong University of Science and Technology, believes that this challenge is manifested in three aspects: sensor technology, big data technology, and artificial intelligence. Without core sensor technology and without core software technology, robotics development is likely to remain in place.
Where is the path to breakthrough?
It is generally believed that the key components of industrial robots are mainly seven categories, and the realization of the autonomy of key components mainly depends on specialization enterprises specializing in various subdivision areas, especially private enterprises that have solved the primitive accumulation of capital and technology.
Qu Xianming said that robot manufacturers and robot industry parks are blindly pursuing the integrity of the industrial chain. The key parts of robots should still be delivered to those specializing in specialized factories for mass production, so as to ensure quality and low cost. It is hoped that everyone will not go blindly and avoid vicious competition in the market. The robot industry needs to become an important player in China and must resolve to solve the problems of core components and components.
During the first 30 years of development, the robotics industry has not formed a market scale. Summarizing the experiences and lessons learned from them will provide a reference for us to do a good job in the development of the next 30 years.
Zhu Sendi believes that this decade of 2015-2025 is the period of the national robot industry. By 2016, the market share of domestic robots will have risen to 33%, which has already achieved one-third of the world's total. For this ten-year leap, the country has made arrangements for the market share of the entire market from basic technologies, common technologies, to key components, to complete machines, and to the future robot industry. He believes that the next decade will enter the catch-up period, and by 2035, if the industry can grasp the core technology, in the formation of the key components of the industry, to solve the problems related to the expansion of the host application fields, robots The industry can develop healthier.
From a practical point of view, China is in the high-tech field and the world is in the same phase of running, running and leading the “three runsâ€. In the field of robotics, there are still places worth studying abroad, but China also has its own advantages. Some experts said that China has a huge market. China and foreign countries should work together in the future to create a miracle of international science and technology development and economic development.
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