Recently, at the 2018 Thailand Rail Transit Industry Exhibition held in Bangkok, Thailand, Chinese CRRC staff exchanged visits with Thai visitors at the Renaissance Model Exhibition on display at the booth. At this exhibition, the Chinese rail transit equipment led by the “Revival†was unveiled and became the highlight of the exhibition. Chinese and Thai people agree that the prospects for cooperation in the field of rail transit between the two countries are promising. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Zhoushe
Following 2014 and 2016, the Chinese Academy of Engineering issued the third report on the China Manufacturing Power Development Index. The "Report" tracks and evaluates the comprehensive manufacturing index of China's manufacturing countries in nine countries from 9 countries including China, the United States, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, France, South Korea, Brazil, and India, and systematically summarizes and develops the development process of China's manufacturing powerhouses. Trend prejudgment
"Currently, the transformation of China's economy to high-quality development is still in its infancy. The overall manufacturing industry has not yet shaken off the path dependence of scale. The transition from quantity expansion to quality improvement will be a long-term process. There may be Ups and downs." On April 2, at the press conference of the "2017 China Manufacturing Power Development Index Report" held by the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Zhu Feng, the former vice president and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, judged the status quo and trends of China's manufacturing industry.
The system reflects the development process of the manufacturing powerhouse. This is the third time that the Chinese Academy of Engineering released the China Manufacturing Power Development Index after 2014 and 2016. The "Report" tracks and evaluates the comprehensive manufacturing index of China's manufacturing countries in nine countries from 9 countries including China, the United States, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, France, South Korea, Brazil, and India, and systematically summarizes and develops the development process of China's manufacturing powerhouses. Trend prediction.
Manufacturing strong country construction overall is good
According to the "Report", the composite index of China's manufacturing powerhouses in 2016 was 104.34, ranking fourth. The top three were followed by the United States (172.28), Germany (121.31), and Japan (112.52). Since the 2015 China Manufacturing Powerhouse Composite Index was 105.78, 2016 was the first negative growth since the 2012 statistics.
"In fact, the decline of the composite index does not mean that China's manufacturing industry itself is at a disadvantage, but mainly by external factors." Zhu Gaofeng told reporters that due to the sharp decline in the exchange rate of the RMB against the US dollar between 2013 and 2016, 2016 From January to August, the PPI index continued to be negative, and the international market downturn led to the decline of exports and other factors affecting China's manufacturing industry, resulting in a decline in the 2016 China Manufacturing Power Composite Index.
The "Report" shows that the United States is still in the first phalanx of manufacturing powers; Germany and Japan are in the second phalanx of manufacturing powers; China and the United Kingdom, France, South Korea, etc. are located in the third-party array of manufacturing powers, of which China is at the forefront, still Larger room for improvement.
It is noteworthy that the report compares the changes in the national manufacturing power composite index in the past two years. The results show that from 2015 to 2016, the development process of manufacturing countries in major countries is generally good. Among them, the United States is the only country in the nine countries to achieve positive growth year by year, and the comprehensive advantage position of the manufacturing industry has been further consolidated; Germany has made steady progress, and the industrial 4.0 strategy has achieved remarkable results; Japan has bottomed out, and its scale is greatly affected by the reversal of the yen exchange rate. . At the same time, from 2012 to 2016, there are different levels of fluctuations in the national manufacturing power composite index, and the situation is quite different. China is the country with the largest increase in index value, which is generally in line with the expectation of manufacturing strong country strategy and the gap with manufacturing power. It is shrinking.
"For some time to come, due to uncertainties such as exchange rate fluctuations and international trade frictions, China's manufacturing powers will inevitably fluctuate, but it will not change the general trend of the development of manufacturing powers." Dean of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, academician Zhou Ji It is said that under the impetus of the domestic and international economic environment, the 2017 China Manufacturing Power Composite Index will rebound slightly.
Quality and efficiency improvement is imminent
“As early as 2011, China’s manufacturing industry was already the world’s number one in terms of scale development, but from the comprehensive index, we still have a big gap compared with the developed countries in the world.†Zhou Ji believes that “big but not strong†It is still a bottleneck problem that China's manufacturing needs to break through.
According to Zhou Ji, the manufacturing powerhouse should have four main characteristics, including strong industrial scale, optimized industrial structure, good quality and sustainable development capabilities, especially innovative development capabilities. Taking this as a consideration, the “Manufacturing Power Country Index System†evaluates and analyzes the development level of each country's manufacturing powers from the aspects of scale development, quality and efficiency, structural optimization and sustainable development.
From 2012 to 2016, China's manufacturing “scale development†index value and proportion are the highest, reflecting the continuous improvement of traditional advantages, but has not effectively promoted quality and efficiency, structural optimization and sustainable development, the overall transformation and upgrading needs to be Further cultivation. In particular, the contribution rate of “quality and efficiency†index is always the lowest, and the change is not big. In 2016, China's manufacturing power quality index was 13.59, accounting for only 22.8% of the US quality and efficiency index. Manufacturing value added rate and high-tech product trade competition. Subdivided indicators such as the Advantage Index have all declined.
"Currently, China's manufacturing industry is accelerating the strategic shift from quantity expansion to quality improvement. It is necessary to focus on the main line of supply-side structural reform, promote the overall improvement of manufacturing industry, and accelerate the construction of a modernized manufacturing system of high quality development. Achieving a solid foundation for the leap from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing power," Zhou Ji said.
High-quality attack is imminent, and experts at the meeting have developed a recipe for improving quality and efficiency in China. “While the quality gap is the biggest gap, it is also the main focus of catching up. The future should be the main breakthrough direction for the construction of China's manufacturing powerhouse.†Zhu Gaofeng believes that quality and efficiency should be oriented to the manufacturing industry as a whole rather than being limited to some key areas; Optimization must be complemented by quality and efficiency, more in the development of high-quality industries and links, especially in the traditional industries and small and medium-sized enterprises, rather than staying in the "high" and "new" In addition, the increase in R&D innovation investment in sustainable development is also linked to industrial effects.
"The cost of producing an Apple mobile phone costs hundreds of dollars, the value obtained through the assembly of China's labor force is less than 10 US dollars. Although it belongs to the emerging electronic information industry, the quality and actual value behind it still have to be considered." Gao Feng said that for a long time, due to the fact that China's manufacturing is characterized by OEM and processing, and is in the low-value chain of the industrial chain, more and more products with core technology and independent intellectual property rights are urgently needed to be introduced to the market.
Smart manufacturing development moves forward
Vigorously promoting the development of advanced manufacturing industry is the focus of the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry and an important direction for cultivating new industries. For a time, "Made in China 2025" and "China Industry 4.0" became the hot words of the construction of a strong country. The digitalization and intelligent transformation of the manufacturing industry began to move forward and received wide attention.
“In the past, we discussed that intelligentization is mostly reflected in the circulation field. Nowadays, manufacturing intelligence is gradually entering the production field, and China’s manufacturing scale development advantage is expected to drive the transformation and upgrading of quality and efficiency, structural optimization and sustainable development.†In Zhu Feng’s view Adhering to the development of the real economy, digital, networked and intelligent manufacturing has become the core technology of the new round of industrial revolution. How to use big data thinking to achieve the integrated development of consumers and producers becomes the key.
In recent years, the pace of construction of industrial Internet platforms around the country is accelerating. Shanghai is the first to strive for a national-level industrial Internet demonstration city. It will build a number of platform carriers in the fields of electronic information, equipment manufacturing and automobile, biomedicine, aerospace, steel and chemical industry, urban industry, etc., and develop more than 20 industrial Internet platforms to promote Wan Home business "on the cloud into the network."
Jiangsu will implement the Industrial Internet Platform Cultivation Project and the “Enterprise Cloud†three-year action plan. Strive to newly develop 100,000 core business “Shangyun†and millions of equipment on the platform, focusing on building 5,000 star-level cloud enterprises, 100 industrial Internet benchmark factories, and 30 “Internet + advanced manufacturing†characteristic bases.
"More than three years since the implementation of 'Made in China 2025' has greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of governments at all levels and all walks of life, especially mobilizing the power of enterprises as the main body of manufacturing, pooling the advantages of various sources, and forming a nationwide linkage to revitalize the manufacturing industry. The development trend has made outstanding contributions to China's social and economic development." Zhou Ji said that we must clearly understand that under the pressure of the steady growth of the US manufacturing powerhouse index, the gap between China's manufacturing powerhouse index and the United States has narrowed. Not significant, more efforts are needed to achieve the initial goals in 2025 and to achieve basic modernization in 2035.
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