With the changes in the technology of the times, windows can now generate electricity. Some researchers have developed smart windows that can change color. When new smart windows change color, they will be converted into solar cells. This is of great significance in the field of renewable energy.
Although the heat is scattered, the energy will remain inside.
Low-E glass is a feature on many commercial and residential windows in the United States. According to the US Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office (EERE), these energy-efficient windows can be found in 80% of homes and 50% of commercial buildings.
However, these low-energy windows are popular because they are designed to keep heat away from life and work, and have good insulation. But there is a potential energy feature that has not yet been developed, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) may implement it through technology.
Researchers from NREL have developed a photovoltaic (solar-powered) smart window that releases heat from buildings and converts it into solar energy. This smart window uses the energy-absorbing material perovskite, which is thermochromic, that is, they can change from transparent to colored when heated. NREL scientist Lance Wheeler said in a press release: "There are thermochromic technologies on the market, but nothing can really turn this energy into electricity."
When solar energy heats the smart window, the methylamine molecules are driven away, causing the device to darken. During this conversion process, NREL's smart windows are converted to solar panels, and they are quite efficient at generating electrical energy. In a proof-of-concept study published in the journal Nature Communications, the NREL team demonstrated 11.3% of solar energy conversion efficiency.
“There is a fundamental trade-off between good windows and good solar cells,†explains Wheeler, who is the lead researcher for the study. This technique bypasses this. When there is a lot of sunshine, we should have a good solar cell. When there is less sunshine, we should have a good window. â€
Still not perfect
According to Electrorek, 11.3% efficiency is promising because about 80% of the energy costs in buildings are spent on heating, cooling and ventilation. However, although NREL's solar smart windows have worked, researchers still have to solve a problem.
The researchers created a 1 cm2 device prototype that showed performance degradation after 20 repeated transparent cycles. This is a big problem that needs to be addressed. This is especially important before NREL's smart windows can be commercialized, and further improvements are needed because most existing smart windows can last for 50,000 cycles. At the same time, Electrek pointed out that standard photovoltaic panels can easily maintain 80% energy conversion efficiency in 25 years. Improving the stability of the conversion cycle is a subject of further research by NREL.
The potential for smart windows to become solar panels is enormous, especially since many companies are now keen to convert renewable energy into 100% energy. In addition, as Wheeler pointed out, these smart windows can also be easily installed in cars, which may provide a choice of solar energy for future electric vehicles.
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