Summary:
The granules are sensitive to the external water vapor, and the packaging is required to have high moisture resistance. This article takes the packaging film of a brand of cold particles as the test object, and uses the research and development independently developed by Jinan Languang Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd.
W3/031
The water vapor transmission rate tester is used as a testing device, and analyzes the test principle and equipment parameters of the test process and equipment, thereby providing a method for detecting the water vapor transmission rate of the soft plastic package.
Key words:
Moisture resistance, moisture resistance, water vapor transmission rate, granules, pharmaceuticals, soft plastic packaging, agglomeration, mold
1
,significance
The most prominent characteristics of granules when they are metamorphosed are stickiness, agglomeration, mold, and odor. These problems are related to the increase of water content in the drug. The granules themselves have low moisture content, large surface area and strong water absorption. If not stored properly, the above deterioration will occur. Therefore, improving the storage environment of granules and reducing the humidity of the storage environment is an effective way to prevent the deterioration of the drug and prolong the shelf life. This requires that the packaging materials of the granules have a low water vapor transmission rate, moisture resistance and moisture resistance. good.
2
,status quo
The packaging materials for direct contact with granules are commonly used in plastic composite film, aluminum-plated composite film, aluminum-plastic composite film, etc. After the drug is put into the packaging bag, it is placed in a paper packaging box for transportation and sale.
Figure
2 W3/031
Water vapor transmission rate tester
4.1
Test principle
This equipment is developed using the weighing method test principle. During the test, the sample is clamped in the moisture permeable cup, and a certain humidity difference is formed on both sides of the sample. The water vapor will penetrate from the high wet side through the sample to the low wet side under the action of the humidity difference. The wet cup weight is measured as a function of time, and the parameters such as the water vapor transmission rate of the sample can be determined.
4.2
Scope of application
(1)
This equipment is suitable for testing the water vapor transmission rate of films, sheets, paper, cardboard, textiles, non-woven fabrics and other materials.
Film type: various plastic film, plastic composite film, paper-plastic composite film, geomembrane, co-extruded film, aluminized film, aluminum foil, aluminum-plastic composite film, waterproof and breathable film and other film-like materials.
Sheets: a variety of engineering plastics, rubber, building materials, insulation materials and other sheet materials, such as
PP
Sheet,
PVC
Sheet,
PVDC
Sheet, nylon sheet, etc.
(2)
The device can also be extended to the cupping test of the sample and the water vapor transmission rate test of the liquid crystal display film, the solar backing plate, the sterile protective film, the cosmetic mask and the like.
(3)
This equipment meets a number of national and international standards, such as
GB 1037
,
GB/T 16928
,
ISO 2528
,
ASTM E96
,
ASTM D1653
,
TAPPI T464
,
DIN 53122-1
,
JIS Z0208
,
YBB00092003
Wait.
4.3
Device parameters
l
The test range of the device is
0.1 ~ 10000 g/m 2 ·24h
, the resolution is
0.01 g/m 2 ·24h
.
l
The temperature control range of the device is
15
°C
~ 55
°C
, temperature control accuracy is
±0.1
°C
, the humidity control range is
10%RH ~ 98%RH
, the humidity control accuracy is
±1% RH
.
l
The device is equipped with three moisture permeable cups, and the three moisture permeable cups can be tested independently.
l
The system adopts an intermittent weighing method that meets the standard requirements, and ensures a constant humidity difference inside and outside the moisture permeable cup through the standard purge wind speed.
l
The device provides two quick calibration methods for standard film and standard weight to ensure the accuracy and versatility of the test data.
l
The equipment supports the test results comparison. The user sets the standard value and error range before the test starts. After the test is completed, the system automatically judges whether the test results are within the standard error range and intuitively informs the user.
l
stand by
Lystem TM
Laboratory data sharing system, test data and equipment information can be reported simply by setting up and operating, and it is easy to realize centralized and systematic management of laboratory test data.
5
,Experimental procedure
(1)
Cut the diameter from the surface of the sample to
74 mm
Sample piece
3
sheet.
(2)
Clip the sample pieces separately
3
In a moisture permeable cup, then place them on the moisture permeable cup holder inside the device and close the test chamber door.
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Application-Specific Integrated Circuit refers to an integrated circuit specifically designed to perform a specific computing task. It is very common to use ASIC for mining in the field of blockchain. This article will analyze the principle of ASIC mining and why it should be anti-ASIC.
For Bitcoin, mining has gone through four stages: CPU, GPU, FPGA and ASIC. GPU is naturally suitable for parallel simple operations, so the execution of SHA256 is much higher than the CPU. FPGA is a programmable hardware, because it has a certain degree of universality, so the unit price will be relatively expensive. ASIC has a large initial design investment, but the unit price will be cheaper after mass production. Therefore, if you can determine that the market size is relatively large, the use of ASIC technology will be the most cost-effective.
This is the basic principle of ASIC.
In a nutshell, mining is running complicated calculations in the search for a specific number. Whether it`s an ASIC miner or a GPU mining rig, mining hardware must run through many calculations before finding that number. In proof of work systems like Bitcoin, the first one to find that number gets a reward - at the time of writing, 12.5 Bitcoins worth around $96,850. That reward will fall to 6.25 Bitcoins in May 2020.
There are so many people and powerful computing systems trying to mine Bitcoin that miner groups form to find that number and share the profit. Even more, the faster your hardware, the more you earn. That`s why people who can afford it opt for ASIC miners because it gives them the greatest chance of earning cryptocurrency in exchange for their investment.
Each cryptocurrency has its own cryptographic hash algorithm, and ASIC miners are designed to mine using that specific algorithm. Bitcoin ASIC miners are actually designed to calculate the SHA-256 hash algorithm. In the case of Litecoin, it uses Scrypt. That means technically they could mine any other coin that`s based on the same algorithm, though typically, people who buy ASIC hardware designed for Bitcoin mine that specific digital currency.
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