Guide: Servo system is an important part of industrial automation, and is the necessary way to achieve precise positioning and precise motion in the automation industry. The breakthrough of the key technologies of the servo system will greatly enhance the technical level and market competitiveness of China's intelligent manufacturing.
China's servo market scaleIn 2015, the overall economic situation was sluggish, and some traditional manufacturing industries have slowed down their demand for servos. However, the country's active promotion of the robot industry and "Industry 4.0" has stimulated the market demand for servos, especially the network-type servo and bus-type servo systems have been rapidly developed. Overall, the servo market continued to maintain a high growth rate in 2015.
In 2015, the size of China's servo market is 11 billion yuan. It is expected that with the deepening of the industrial robot industry, the further advancement of industrial automation and the in-depth advancement of intelligent manufacturing, the servo market will see a new round of explosive growth. By 2020, China The servo market will reach 25.4 billion yuan.
China's servo market scale from 2015 to 2020
The servo system is developed based on the frequency conversion technology. It is an automatic control system with mechanical position or angle as the control object. In addition to speed and torque control, the servo system provides precise, fast and stable position control.
Servo system working mode
Currently the most widely used electrical servo system, the servo system usually includes a servo drive and a servo motor, and a servo feedback device (encoder). The servo drive belongs to the drive layer in the automation control system, and the servo motor belongs to the execution layer. Servo drives and servo motors are now a must-have for smart manufacturing.
The working process of the servo system can be simply understood as the upper machine (PLC, control card) sends a pulse signal to drive the servo motor, and the upper machine controls the whole servo motion. The encoder is a feedback unit, which is used to check how many pulse signals are executed by the servo motor. And feedback to the drive for precise closed-loop control.
The servo motor encoder is a sensor installed at the end of the servo motor to measure the servo motor's corner and speed. It is usually built into the end of the servo motor. Servo motor encoders, currently used in the field of automatic control are photoelectric encoders and magnetoelectric encoders. The photoelectric encoder determines the rotation angle of the motor rotor through the number of light signals reflected by the photoelectric code disc, and the magnetoelectric encoder determines the rotor position of the motor by sensing the magnetic field change caused by the rotation of the motor rotor through the magnetic field induction component. The progress of photoelectric encoder is mainly determined by the accuracy of the code dial. The higher the precision, the more the scale line and the larger the size of the code wheel. The technical difficulty lies in the processing of the code wheel. The magnetic encoder uses magnetic field induction components. Instead of the code wheel, it is possible to ensure a relatively small volume while improving the accuracy, so the magnetoelectric encoder is used under the premise of high precision but the encoder volume is required, and the magnetic field induction working principle of the magnetoelectric encoder is The process is relatively simple relative to the light reflection process and the process is more reliable. However, the price of magnetoelectric encoders is relatively expensive. At present, it is only applicable in the field of high precision and working conditions. With the decline of the price of magnetic field sensing components in the future, magnetoelectric encoders will have alternatives to photoelectric encoders. trend.
As the signal feedback device of the servo system, the encoder largely determines the accuracy of the servo system. The servo drive drives the motor to run, the motor rotates with the encoder, and the feedback model of the encoder is sent to the controller. The controller can know the operation of the motor, and thus the motor speed, moving position and moving distance. The controller calculates the deviation result according to the signal fed back from the encoder, controls the motor motion again, corrects the deviation, and precisely controls the system variables such as the motor speed, position, distance and torque.
Servo encoder internal structure
As one of the core technologies of servo system, encoder technology is very difficult to develop high-precision encoder. At present, most domestic and foreign servo systems are matched with third-party encoders. At present, the world's leading encoder company is Germany's Heidenhain company, which has a wide range of products and a full range of products. The more famous companies are Japan's Nikon and Canon, who have produced the photoelectricity based on their accumulated experience in the production of optical instruments. The encoder has the advantages of stable performance, high precision and long service life.
With the continuous improvement of domestic R&D investment, the company has mastered encoder technology. For example, Huichuan technology has been able to produce 23-bit encoders that have reached the international leading level, thus reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire servo system. Gained the advantage.
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