From November 28 to November 30, 2011, the first China Optic Cable Material and Equipment Forum was grandly opened in the national forest city Lin'an, Hangzhou. On the forum, Han Tonger, editor-in-chief of China Fiber Optic Communications Yearbook, made a speech entitled "The Leap-forward Development of China's Mobile Communication Industry to Bring Opportunities to the Optical Cable Industry". The speeches were brilliant, the views were original, the on-site interactive exchanges were frequent, and the forum atmosphere was very enthusiastic. Applause was received from representatives from nearly a hundred participants from governments, scientific research institutions, industry associations, and production companies across the country.
I. INTRODUCTION Mobile communication has only been a short 20-plus years since Japan opened the world's first cellular mobile communication network in 1979, but global mobile phone users have surpassed fixed-line users who have been developing for more than 100 years. Cellular mobile subscribers are expected to approach 6 billion at the end of 2011, while Internet users will reach about 2.3 billion. As a result of the close integration of mobile communications and the Internet, the mobile Internet is becoming the most rapidly developing, most marketable, and most competitive area of ​​the information technology industry. The development of the mobile Internet must rely on the rapid development and evolution of mobile broadband networks that are characterized by broadband, intelligence, ubiquitous, and converged. However, the development of mobile broadband networks must accelerate the significant development of 3G and its subsequent evolutionary technology, TD-LTE, that is, 4G technology.
Second, 3G three major standards TD-SCDMA: This is China's leading 3G standard, has unique advantages in frequency spectrum utilization, frequency flexibility and cost, which is why TD-SCDMA is accepted by ITU, TD -SCDMA is the first international standard established in the history of China's telecommunications and is an important milestone for the development of China's telecommunications industry.
WCDMA: This is a 3G standard that is dominated by European manufacturers. It is a 3G technology based on the development of the GSM network. Its proponents are mainly European manufacturers based on the GSM system, and Japanese companies are also involved.
CDMA2000: This is the 3G standard that Qualcomm has led. It is a wideband CDMA technology developed from narrowband CDMA technology. Currently, CDMA is used mainly in North America, South Korea, and Japan.
The Chinese government issued 3G licenses in 2009, China Mobile: TD-CDMA, China Unicom: WCDMA, China Telecom: CDMA2000
Third, 4G standard candidate technology - TD-LTE
TD-LTE is the follow-up evolution technology of TD-SCDMA. The transmission rate of the main technology advantage is 10 times faster than that of 3G, the theoretical peak uplink reaches 50Mbps, and the downlink reaches 100Mbps.
With high spectrum utilization rate and greater service provision capacity for limited spectrum bandwidth resources, in October 2010 the ITU confirmed that TD-LTE has officially become a candidate technology for the 4G standard.
Fourth, the leap-forward development of China's mobile communications industry China's 3G step into the development phase of the transition period 3G evolution technology TD-LTE has been developing steadily, with significant progress TD-LTE enters the scale of technological trials TD-LTE industry chain continues to strengthen the strength of TD-LTE technology to the world V. The development of the mobile communications industry will bring direct opportunities to the optical cable industry. The 3G network in the optical cable market includes two parts, wireless and wireline. In short, it is mainly connected to the base station through an optical cable and then connected to the antenna through a radio frequency (RF) cable. Complete the realization of wireless access, so 3G network construction and communication optical cable are closely related, specifically in 3G networks, but the part of the user access to the base station is wireless, the core network of the base station is a wired transmission network. Directly associated with the construction of the 3G network is the outdoor return line from the base station to the mobile switching office and the indoor wiring of the covered floor or venue. The base station backhaul mainly focuses on the transmission network between the base station and the base station controller. The return lines are basically all Use Fiber Optic Cable. In addition to fiber optic cables in indoor wiring, leaky coaxial cables are also used where space is limited to enhance signal coverage.
Take WCDMA as an example to illustrate the composition of the 3G backhaul network:
WCDMA-Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) is the English acronym for Universal Mobile Telecommunication System. It is the name of European 3G and usually refers to WCDMA.
UMTS consists of UTRAN (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) and CN (CoreNetwork-Core Network). The backhaul technology for 3G and 4G wireless base stations is 2M interface between NodeB and RNC in the 2G era. MSTP is used.
In the 3G and 4G eras, the backhaul network will develop towards IP. MSTP will still be adopted in the early stage and the trend will be packetization. The two major technologies of PTN and IP/MPLS will indirectly pull the 3G network construction in the optical cable market to indirectly drive the development of the optical communication products market. 3G started with mobile access to increase broadband penetration. Broadband penetration will inevitably increase the demand for backbone core network capacity. This will require expansion of the fiber trunk network.
VI. Strong 3G network construction to drive the optical cable market According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, as of the end of May 2011, the total number of 3G base stations in China reached 714,000. According to the average transmission distance of base stations of 5 kilometers, using an average of 24 core optical cables, each base station needs to be used. 72-kilometer-kilometer optical fiber cable, the calculation of China's new 3G base station requires about 5,1048,000 core kilometers of optical cable. According to statistics, in 2009, the total demand for optical cables in China soared from 40 million core kilometers in 2008 to 90 million core kilometers, which indicates that the strong 3G network construction has stimulated the optical cable market.
VII, 4G and mobile broadband development will surely drive the optical cable market to drive 4G more than 2G and 3G operating bands. The TD-LTE operating frequency band is as high as 2.4-2.6Hz, and the base station per square kilometer is significantly higher than 2G and 3G. This will inevitably greatly increase the market demand for optical cables. The development of mobile Internet will accelerate the pace of mobile broadband. The development of mobile Internet depends on the development of mobile broadband networks. In the next three years, operators will certainly strengthen the construction of optical cable networks at all levels of provincial, provincial, and local networks, and increase the number of backbone networks. , MAN input.
VIII. Concluding Remarks 2011 is the first year of the “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€. In the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†outline issued by the state, “to comprehensively improve the level of informatization, promote the deep integration of informatization and industrialization,†and “to foster a new generation of information. "Technology," "Strengthening and Developing Strategic Emerging Industries," and "Accelerating the Integration of Three Networks and Broadband Leapfrogging Strategy" have all been explicitly proposed, which fully demonstrates that informationization has once again received the attention of the whole society. There is no doubt that China's optical communications Driven by the national informatization innovation, technology and industry will surely usher in a major opportunity for a new round of leap-forward development.
I. INTRODUCTION Mobile communication has only been a short 20-plus years since Japan opened the world's first cellular mobile communication network in 1979, but global mobile phone users have surpassed fixed-line users who have been developing for more than 100 years. Cellular mobile subscribers are expected to approach 6 billion at the end of 2011, while Internet users will reach about 2.3 billion. As a result of the close integration of mobile communications and the Internet, the mobile Internet is becoming the most rapidly developing, most marketable, and most competitive area of ​​the information technology industry. The development of the mobile Internet must rely on the rapid development and evolution of mobile broadband networks that are characterized by broadband, intelligence, ubiquitous, and converged. However, the development of mobile broadband networks must accelerate the significant development of 3G and its subsequent evolutionary technology, TD-LTE, that is, 4G technology.
Second, 3G three major standards TD-SCDMA: This is China's leading 3G standard, has unique advantages in frequency spectrum utilization, frequency flexibility and cost, which is why TD-SCDMA is accepted by ITU, TD -SCDMA is the first international standard established in the history of China's telecommunications and is an important milestone for the development of China's telecommunications industry.
WCDMA: This is a 3G standard that is dominated by European manufacturers. It is a 3G technology based on the development of the GSM network. Its proponents are mainly European manufacturers based on the GSM system, and Japanese companies are also involved.
CDMA2000: This is the 3G standard that Qualcomm has led. It is a wideband CDMA technology developed from narrowband CDMA technology. Currently, CDMA is used mainly in North America, South Korea, and Japan.
The Chinese government issued 3G licenses in 2009, China Mobile: TD-CDMA, China Unicom: WCDMA, China Telecom: CDMA2000
Third, 4G standard candidate technology - TD-LTE
TD-LTE is the follow-up evolution technology of TD-SCDMA. The transmission rate of the main technology advantage is 10 times faster than that of 3G, the theoretical peak uplink reaches 50Mbps, and the downlink reaches 100Mbps.
With high spectrum utilization rate and greater service provision capacity for limited spectrum bandwidth resources, in October 2010 the ITU confirmed that TD-LTE has officially become a candidate technology for the 4G standard.
Fourth, the leap-forward development of China's mobile communications industry China's 3G step into the development phase of the transition period 3G evolution technology TD-LTE has been developing steadily, with significant progress TD-LTE enters the scale of technological trials TD-LTE industry chain continues to strengthen the strength of TD-LTE technology to the world V. The development of the mobile communications industry will bring direct opportunities to the optical cable industry. The 3G network in the optical cable market includes two parts, wireless and wireline. In short, it is mainly connected to the base station through an optical cable and then connected to the antenna through a radio frequency (RF) cable. Complete the realization of wireless access, so 3G network construction and communication optical cable are closely related, specifically in 3G networks, but the part of the user access to the base station is wireless, the core network of the base station is a wired transmission network. Directly associated with the construction of the 3G network is the outdoor return line from the base station to the mobile switching office and the indoor wiring of the covered floor or venue. The base station backhaul mainly focuses on the transmission network between the base station and the base station controller. The return lines are basically all Use Fiber Optic Cable. In addition to fiber optic cables in indoor wiring, leaky coaxial cables are also used where space is limited to enhance signal coverage.
Take WCDMA as an example to illustrate the composition of the 3G backhaul network:
WCDMA-Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) is the English acronym for Universal Mobile Telecommunication System. It is the name of European 3G and usually refers to WCDMA.
UMTS consists of UTRAN (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) and CN (CoreNetwork-Core Network). The backhaul technology for 3G and 4G wireless base stations is 2M interface between NodeB and RNC in the 2G era. MSTP is used.
In the 3G and 4G eras, the backhaul network will develop towards IP. MSTP will still be adopted in the early stage and the trend will be packetization. The two major technologies of PTN and IP/MPLS will indirectly pull the 3G network construction in the optical cable market to indirectly drive the development of the optical communication products market. 3G started with mobile access to increase broadband penetration. Broadband penetration will inevitably increase the demand for backbone core network capacity. This will require expansion of the fiber trunk network.
VI. Strong 3G network construction to drive the optical cable market According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, as of the end of May 2011, the total number of 3G base stations in China reached 714,000. According to the average transmission distance of base stations of 5 kilometers, using an average of 24 core optical cables, each base station needs to be used. 72-kilometer-kilometer optical fiber cable, the calculation of China's new 3G base station requires about 5,1048,000 core kilometers of optical cable. According to statistics, in 2009, the total demand for optical cables in China soared from 40 million core kilometers in 2008 to 90 million core kilometers, which indicates that the strong 3G network construction has stimulated the optical cable market.
VII, 4G and mobile broadband development will surely drive the optical cable market to drive 4G more than 2G and 3G operating bands. The TD-LTE operating frequency band is as high as 2.4-2.6Hz, and the base station per square kilometer is significantly higher than 2G and 3G. This will inevitably greatly increase the market demand for optical cables. The development of mobile Internet will accelerate the pace of mobile broadband. The development of mobile Internet depends on the development of mobile broadband networks. In the next three years, operators will certainly strengthen the construction of optical cable networks at all levels of provincial, provincial, and local networks, and increase the number of backbone networks. , MAN input.
VIII. Concluding Remarks 2011 is the first year of the “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€. In the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†outline issued by the state, “to comprehensively improve the level of informatization, promote the deep integration of informatization and industrialization,†and “to foster a new generation of information. "Technology," "Strengthening and Developing Strategic Emerging Industries," and "Accelerating the Integration of Three Networks and Broadband Leapfrogging Strategy" have all been explicitly proposed, which fully demonstrates that informationization has once again received the attention of the whole society. There is no doubt that China's optical communications Driven by the national informatization innovation, technology and industry will surely usher in a major opportunity for a new round of leap-forward development.
An ADSL filter separates the analogue voice-frequency signals from the ADSL (broadband) data signals(Broadband being defined as data transfer greater than 128KBPS.)
If ADSL filter/splitters are not used, the ADSL data signals are heard as "noise" on any equipment connected to the "normal" telephone-line. Apart from being annoying during a telephone conversation, there is the possibility that the additional ADSL signals may cause problems with alarm-units (etc) that may be connected across the line.
This ADSL-interference is illustrated in the diagram below that shows how the unfiltered ADSL data signals appear across the "standard" telephone equipment.
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