Lu Qiang: The power reform should aim at establishing a safe and economical power system

Lu Qiang, a professor of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a professor at Tsinghua University, believes that reforms must have clear goals and cannot be reformed. Reforms that suit China's national conditions can create a highly secure and cost-effective power system with Chinese characteristics. The country and the people will only get from it. Affordable.

The power system is like a human being, it is a dynamic living body, and it cannot be divided artificially, otherwise there will be problems. Reporter: What kind of natural property does the power system have? What are the requirements for this kind of property on the power system management and operation?

Lu Qiang: Take this opportunity, I want to express an opinion. Some experts said that the power system has a natural "monopoly", this is not accurate, it should be said that the power system has a natural overall control. The overall management and control are aimed at achieving the safety and economy of the two goals. Furthermore, there is "high quality", ie, high power quality. Monopoly is a negative concept in the economics category. The overall management and control is the concept of the power system dispatch and operation category.

The purpose of overall management and control is to achieve the goal of safety and economic operation. I would like to express an opinion. We often say that the "separation of plant and network" is not a very scientific formulation. Power plants and power grids are like our heads and bodies and cannot be separated. The word "separate factory network" seems to be very concise, but it is not accurate. Accurately speaking, it should be "factory network division, unified scheduling," the first four words and the last four words should be mentioned, are indispensable, this is determined by the properties of the power system itself, the factory network is really separated There is no power system. "Separation of plant and network" is essentially a separate operation and management, but it is still necessary to emphasize unified scheduling, otherwise it will affect the safety and economic operation of the power system.

For the power reform, in my knowledge area, I do not agree to dismantle the inseparable power system, including power plants, power grids, and users, and that would not be a system. The reform of the power system is not to divide a large system into small systems. Why reform the reformers and new people? It is better to change them.

The system is divided into several small systems, whether it is conducive to the safety and stability of the power system and economic operation? Non-I! I have been engaged in power system management, scheduling and control, is to pursue the safety of a unified large power system operation and Economical. Safe and economic dual excellence, this is the goal of the power system reform. The power system cannot be arbitrarily segmented. It must have a unified large-scale power system. Under this scale, safe and economical optimization of dispatch and control can be achieved. Artificially cutting the power system into a number of small systems is not conducive to unified scheduling and management, and it is likely to affect the realization of the goal of safe and economical operation of the power system. In the end, Yu Yumin is unfavorable.

The power system is like a human being. It is a dynamic living body. It cannot be split artificially. Otherwise, problems will arise. The United States had emphasized the operation of the power market, and the large power system was composed of a number of independent power companies. In operation, independent companies can only rely on contracts and agreements. Imagine how a real-time, scientific and unified dispatch can occur in the event of a major emergency. How can we ensure the security and stability of the power system? This is the drawback of the lack of unified accident management and control capabilities in the U.S. power system. We must also copy it. Are you still in school?

The foothold of reform should be the establishment of a safe and economical dual-optimal power system. It is necessary to establish a hierarchical and unified control system. Reporter: What should be the goal of the power system reform?

Lu Qiang: At present, some documents determine the reform goal as establishing the electricity market. It seems that everything will be fine. As mentioned above, the natural properties of the power system determine that it is impossible to adopt a purely market-oriented marketing management model such as general merchandise marketing. At present, there is no single paradigm in the world to prove that pure marketization is the most reasonable power system operation mode. Only emphasizing that pure marketization is not committed to establishing a hierarchical, hierarchical, unified, safe, economic, dual-optimized regulation system will lead to a misunderstanding.

In short, the establishment of a pure electricity market (which is impossible to achieve) should not be the ultimate goal. Our goal should be to establish an integrated control system that is safe and economical. It is necessary to encourage diversified power generation and carry out overall management and control on this basis so as to achieve the ultimate goal of safer and more economical operation of the entire system.

Diversified power supply needs deepening reforms. To welcome green power, scattered power and grid. However, grid-connected operation should be conditional. First of all, the power supply for the Internet should be environmentally friendly, and it is not advisable to use the power supply that generates a lot of pollutants. Second, power plants that are economical, have extremely low efficiency and efficiency, and power plants that are falsified (upon delivery approval and actual inconsistency) are not welcome. High-pollution, high-energy-consuming power sources can be defined as black energy and do not encourage development. Third, green energy power generation includes wind power, small hydropower, solar power generation, etc. Only when it meets the unified standards set by the state can it be connected to the grid. There are also electric vehicles that can serve as both users and power grids. What we have not done enough at present is that access to green power and distributed power is not yet positive enough. Some charging stations have only one-way power flow and they only sell it. The reforms also include changing people’s thinking. They should be more open-minded and welcome all forms of green and decentralized power to access the large power grid.

Reporter: At present, the safety of the operation of China's power grid has been recognized. There has never been an accident similar to the blackout in India. However, some people questioned whether the safety margin of the power grid is too large. What do you think?

Lu Qiang: Whether or not the design of the line and network is reasonable depends mainly on whether it has played a positive role in the security and economy of the entire power system. In terms of safety, there are several peaks in the operation of the power system. During off-peak hours, the line will not be fully loaded, but during peak hours, the line should have the ability to achieve full-load operation. If the line is at full load at all times, once a line trips, the load on this line will be transferred to other fully loaded lines, which may result in a chain failure. So sometimes the transmission line needs to have a certain margin in operation, especially in the summer when the hydropower is large or during the peak hours of electricity consumption. In addition to institutional problems, the U.S. blackout cannot rule out the above-mentioned factors that are not conducive to stable operations.