The architectural design of Shanxi architecturalbookmark0 will discuss the law of the combination of Gaoxiang and so on, and will get a good lighting design.
In photography, the use of light is inseparable, and the different combinations of light can create photos with different effects. In people's lives, the living room will also show a lively vitality due to changes in light and shadow. Light is not only a condition for indoor lighting, but also a basic element for expressing spatial form and creating an atmosphere of the environment. Through a designer's careful matching of light and color, a living room can create the atmosphere that is needed in all kinds of moods. In this way, the residents will feel calm and relaxed in their own homes, and they can enjoy the warmth and coziness of the home at ease.
1 Types of light There are two kinds of light in life: one is natural light that is exposed to sunlight through doors, windows, and the like. At present, in China, the use of natural light basically only meets the purpose of satisfying illumination, and rarely reflects the clever application of light and shadow, and has great limitations. The other is artificial light, which refers to a method of illuminating the indoor environment with various illumination devices. Artificial light can be artificially adjusted and selected, so it is more flexible than natural light in application. It can not only meet the needs of people's lighting, but also can express and create indoor environment atmosphere, and divide certain spatial area characteristics.
2 artificial light creates artificial light for indoor space, which is simply indoor lighting. Its most basic application is to increase the air volume at a low speed, which is generally larger than the air volume required at ordinary times. When the fan is at high speed, the air volume is suitable for the high-specified smoke exhausting amount. When the wind speed is low, it is suitable for the normal air exhaust volume. This will inevitably reduce the area of ​​the smoke prevention partition and increase the number of the smoke blocking wall, thereby increasing the construction cost.
Two high-temperature axial fans with half of the exhaust volume are selected to work in parallel. One unit is used for ventilation, and two fires are simultaneously opened during the fire. However, in the actual pipeline system, the total air volume provided by the two parallel working fans is often less than the sum of the air volume provided by the two fans, and sometimes even much smaller.
Moreover, the air volume of the fan is also related to the division of the smoke prevention zone, and the noise is relatively large during normal operation.
Two fans are connected in parallel, one for air conditioning only, and only one for fire.
A check valve should be installed at the outlet of each fan to avoid short circuit, so that the fan combination method can provide the light required by people's vision, and also has the following effects on space. 2.1 Can define the space In the interior design, there are many ways to define the space. Different types and different effects of lighting can be used to create a certain degree of independence in different areas, so as to achieve the purpose of constructing virtual space.
2 Improve the sense of space Because the lighting method, the type of lighting, the intensity of light, and the color can all significantly affect people's sense of space. When using direct illumination, because the brightness of the light is large, it is more dazzling, giving a bright and compact feeling. In indirect lighting, the light is reflected back to the ceiling or wall, so the space is wider. When using different colors of light, it will give the room a different feel. The warm light will make the room warmer; the cool light will make the room cooler and increase the quiet atmosphere.
In the higher space, if you use a chandelier (especially a large chandelier), the space will appear lower, thus changing the sense of height of the space. When using a ceiling lamp or a luminaire embedded in a ceiling, the feeling of depression in a short space can be improved. Therefore, the different combinations of lamps and spaces will give people a different sense of space.
2.3 The atmosphere of the setting is more flexible than the former two. It can be divided according to the maximum smoke-proof zone specified in the high-standard, and the low-noise mixed-flow fan can be used during the usual ventilation to reduce the noise of normal operation.
4 The air conditioning system of the air conditioner and the mechanical air intake system of the underground shopping mall in the fire shall be provided with a wind inlet system in the basement where the mechanical smoke is set. In the event of fire, the air-conditioning air supply system can be used as the mechanical air intake system of the underground shopping mall during the fire. At this time, the air return system of the air-conditioning system should be turned off, and all the fresh air valves should be opened. If the air-conditioning fan air volume is less than 50% of the exhaust air volume, it can be additionally provided. A diagonal flow fan is added in parallel as a supplement.
In addition, it should be noted that if the air supply system crosses the fire compartment, fire dampers should be installed on the pipelines on both sides of the fire compartment.
In short, in the design of high-rise civil underground shopping malls, it is necessary to deal with the ventilation system and the setting of the smoke exhaust system during the fire, so that it can meet the fire protection requirements in the case of high-level fires in the case of normal ventilation. Make the design both economical and reasonable.
Gao Xiang: The indoor lighting design makes a reasonable arrangement of lamps to make the illumination on the working surface uniform, the light is directed to the right, no glare shadows, easy maintenance and safety, and can be neat, beautiful, and coordinated with the building. Use light changes and distribution to create a variety of visual environments to enhance the atmosphere of the interior space. The use of a large number of simple ceiling or embedded point light source direct light fixtures, together with the room ceiling decoration to form a complete architectural art pattern, can produce a special style and deepen the layering, so that the indoor atmosphere is quiet and not noisy. The shape of the decorative wall lamp, in coordination with the interior decoration, serves as an auxiliary lighting function, which gives the wall beautiful light and decorative effect, which reflects the spaciousness of the room. Chandeliers (flowers, crystal lamps) can create a magnificent atmosphere.
In the wide living room, if you use some beautiful crystal chandeliers, it will look magnificent; in the small foyer, the choice of small wall lights will make people feel elegant and generous; in the children's room with some delicate shapes The lamps that mimic the appearance of plants will make the room look lively and relaxed... But while properly aligning the lamps, be sure to use too many lamps to avoid making the space appear cluttered.
3 Indoor lighting treatment method When designing indoor lighting, we should consider the use of functions, use different artificial lighting methods, changes in illumination brightness, distribution of light and shadow to beautify the environment, enhance the atmosphere, enhance the sense of space, and have the following Point: According to different activities or work needs, the degree of contrast should be reasonably configured to create a good visual physiological environment; avoid glare, glare and disparity brightness ratio, prevent visual fatigue and poor visual psychological effects; indoor lighting should reflect The outline of the interior structure, the spatial level and the three-dimensional sense of the interior furniture and decoration; the special decorative style of the light is used to reveal the surface texture of the fabric or building material, reflecting the beauty of the interior decoration and the interior color.
As a means of decoration, lighting should be practical, but also practical. The lighting requirements of the rooms in different rooms in the living room will vary. Designers must first consider whether the lighting design can meet the functional requirements of the living room, and must not pursue the so-called artistic effects, but ignore the practical functions, and not only pursue the high-end luxury appearance of the lamps, but ignore its optical performance and lighting quality. . Because only proper and reasonable illumination can meet the visual and physiological requirements of people. Therefore, in interior design, it is necessary to master certain lighting design methods.
3.1 The foyer of the foyer is the facade of a living room. The first impression is very important. At the same time, it is the transition space of the living room, bedroom, kitchen, etc. Therefore, the lighting design at the foyer should be generous and solemn. Commonly used lamps have ceiling lamps and simple ceiling lights. It is not advisable to use too luxurious lamps, which makes the entrance hall appear high and quiet.
For the small foyer, you can use the unique wall lamp to ensure the illuminance while making the surrounding environment look elegant and rich.
3.2 The living room living room function is more complicated. It is not only the activity center of the family members, but also the communication place for the guests. The lighting environment should be clearer, elegant and warm, to reflect the enthusiasm and frankness of the owner. In the lighting design, the overall use of fluorescent lamps, local (such as tables, coffee tables, etc.) with a combination of wall or floor lamps, planning a small talk space in the large living room to shorten the distance between the host and the guest, Make people's communication more harmonious.
If the main light source is a bare light source, it is easy to produce glare. Indirect lighting can be used to transfer it to the ceiling or wall to reflect it, or it can be illuminated with a milky transparent glass lampshade. The light is clearer and more peaceful. It is neither glare nor elegant. As a floor lamp commonly used in local lighting, due to its low height, the choice of appearance should be suitable for the color and shape of the furniture used. For example, bamboo and wooden furniture are suitable for bamboo or carved poles; while metal light poles with luxurious leather sofas will highlight the modern feel of the living room. Between the single-color elegant sofas, if there are landscapes, flowers and birds on the lampshade, the more beautiful floor lamps, it will appear to be moving in the static, rich in change; and in the gorgeous flower-facing sofa should match the color of the lampshade The simple floor lamp will appear more stable and not messy.
3.3 bedroom bedroom as a place for people to rest and sleep, has a certain privacy, then the lighting design should be soft, warm, convenient for rest and sleep. A secondary reflection ceiling lamp can be installed on the ceiling to prevent glare from occurring while leaving the bedroom full of calm and warmth. For those who have reading habits before going to bed, bedside lamps or wall lamps can be set to match the local lighting. The light of the wall lamp is softer. If you choose some small and unique wall lamps in the bedroom, it has practical value and strong decoration. The use of more bedside lamps is a table lamp, which is not only a luminaire, but also an excellent ornament.
The sleek table lamp will add a variety of different tastes to the interior. Such as the simple and new table lamp, will bring people a modern atmosphere, and the antique table lamp will reflect the owner's elegant taste. The special bedside lamp for the direction of the convertible lamp head is popular among people because of its convenient use, good light intensity and no influence on the rest of others.
3.4 Study room is a place for people to work and study. The light should be quiet and peaceful. It must also have sufficient brightness. In places where important lighting is needed, such as on the desk surface, long chandeliers can be used to emphasize. To avoid glare, use a desk lamp with a cover and a ceiling lamp to increase the overall illumination. In the bookcase area, for the convenience of finding books, a small spotlight can be set to make the light color uniform and soft. In the decoration such as the noodles, it can be highlighted by spotlights or wall lamps with little brightness to emphasize the beauty of the decorations.
3.5 Restaurant restaurant is a place for people to eat. The lighting design should be warm and bright, to highlight the strong sense of life. If you use a warm (such as red and orange) hanging chandelier, and then let the light shine in the dining table, you can make a meal. At the same time, the area enhances the beauty of the food and enhances the appetite of the diners. For restaurants that have no shape on the ceiling, you can also use more concentrated recessed luminaires to create a bright space environment that will highlight the atmosphere of the meal.
Among the various factors that make up the indoor environment, the use of light is very important. It can expand or reduce the sense of space. It can not only form a quiet and comfortable atmosphere, but also highlight the warm and cheerful scenes, which can make the interior color rich and varied. Can make the lively color tablet lose its vitality. It all depends on how well the lighting is coordinated with the environment. In addition, the selection of lamps also has certain principles, the size of the lamps must be suitable for the volume and shape of the indoor space. Large spaces use large lamps and small spaces use small lamps. If you use a large chandelier in a small space, you will feel crowded and occluded. In addition, the shape of the luminaire should also be consistent with the purpose of the space, otherwise it will only have the opposite effect. Only by combining the laws of practicality and artistry will a good lighting design be obtained. Designofindoorlighting
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