With the continuous development of the film industry and the constant pursuit of spiritual life, people began to set up a private home theater audio-visual room at home. Most of them do not understand the knowledge of the design of the audio-visual room, which will make the audio-visual equipment not achieve the expected results. Here are some details to be noted for the acoustic processing of the home audio-visual room decoration design:
First, the ground
Tiles: Easy to cause high frequency piercing.
Stone: same tile
Wooden floor:
1. Spread the board directly on the concrete floor, and the sound effect is similar to that of the tile floor.
2. Pinning the wooden floor into a cavity will have a good absorption capacity below 100Hz, and the low frequency effect of the sound will be very good. If you can put pebbles under the floor, you can just fill the gap that is easy to cause standing waves and resonance, and even the drawbacks of the cavity wood floor can be overcome.
3. The ground keel base layer is 50-100mm high, and the hollow layer can be filled with soft material, but pay attention to the water discharge treatment, and the cork floor is laid on the keel surface (the sound absorption effect in the room is strengthened at the same time);
Second, the wall
"The front wall is hard, the left and right side walls absorb sound, and the back wall spreads."
1. Front wall: To be hard, you can save a certain low frequency, so that the low frequency can extend forward better.
2. Sound absorption on the left and right side walls: ensure clear sound positioning and pure sound quality
3. Back wall: It can be processed into sound absorption and diffusion. However, it is recommended that the seat is preferably 0.6m or more from the rear wall, and the sound absorbing material is adhered to the diffusion plate, so that the sound can be absorbed and diffused.
4. Corner: It is the strongest place in the standing wave. Special items such as bookshelves and CD stands can help the sound.
5. The surface of the wall is made of wooden sound-absorbing panels, 50mm polyester fiber sound-absorbing cotton is laid on the back, and a 50mm air layer is reserved.
Third, smallpox
Ceiling: It is best to have both sound absorption and diffusion
1. Light steel frame plus mineral fiber board: it is effective for resisting excessive indoor reverberation, but has no diffusion function;
2. Use a small arc panel: PVC paper is attached to the downward side of the arc, and the concave side is glued with sound-absorbing cotton. This design not only has the function of absorption and diffusion, but also does not form a cavity for absorbing low-frequency. ;
3. The design of the small arc panel and the outer stretcher is both beautiful and practical.
4. Spread the sound-absorbing cotton on the top of the ceiling and fix it with wooden strips. The pipeline can pass through the ceiling.
5. Since the height of the ordinary residential building is short, the ceiling part adopts the interior design, but it should be noted that any rigid connection with the structure must be isolated by a damping material such as a rubber pad.
Fourth, the door
Have a certain sound insulation and sound absorption function
1. Increase the weight and thickness of the door, or fill the sound-absorbing material in the middle of the double door.
2. Apply a sealing strip to the door seam.
3. The density of common wooden facades is calculated according to 11kg/m2, and the sound insulation is about 27dB. If the door joints are not specially treated, the sound insulation is only about 15dB.
4. Change the door to a sound insulation door with a high sound insulation, and strengthen the sealing measures. This scheme guarantees the sound insulation of the door, but there is a problem that the door body is too heavy and difficult to open.
5. Adopt "sound gate" type double-layer acoustic door. That is, the wall is thickened, and two wooden door bodies are opened inside and outside, which is equivalent to two-layer doors and an air spring is added, which will make up for the low sound insulation caused by insufficient quality of the wooden door. The two wooden door bodies can be made of multiple layers of different thicknesses and filled with soft sound absorbing materials in the cavity of the door. In order to avoid the anastomosis effect, damping materials such as asphalt paint and fiber can also be applied on the inner side of the plate body. Spray material) to suppress the resonance of the plate. In this way, the sound insulation amount is greatly improved in the case of ensuring the overall decorative appearance.
Five, window
1. Directly block the brickwork. In this way, the sound insulation is the best, the lack of lighting can be artificial lighting, and the air conditioning system can be used for ventilation;
2. The window is transformed into a two-layer or even three-layer glass window, and the glass and the frame are connected by a rubber strip.
3. Window seam paste sealing strip
Six, curtains
1. The theater should be fitted with dark, heavy curtains or shaded blinds.
Seven, other
1. Pipe hole: soundproofing
2. Sound absorbing materials: wall cloth, carpet
3. Bookshelf: Place books and CDs. These items are absorbable and reflective to sound waves, which can improve the listening effect.
4. Sound equipment vibration reduction treatment: In order to avoid structural sound transmission, ground and hanging speakers must use vibration reduction measures. A spring hanger damper is added to the upper end of the hanging speaker. The ground speaker should have a separate base (or a certain thickness of the damping pad can be added later, but the effect may be limited)
Eight, the standard of an ideal audio-visual room has the following five requirements:
1. Sufficient loudness (sound pressure level), in the absence of noise, the replay sound heard by the audience should not be felt, and the ears are not felt. Usually, the average sound pressure level of 85DB is required, and the sound of the sound is not distortion-reproduced, and there is a 10DB margin. The digital surround system should have a dynamic margin of 20-30DB.
2. Uniform sound field distribution and uniform sound field distribution ensure uniform distribution of sound energy at all points in the hall. The loudness heard by the audience in each area is basically the same, but the maximum sound pressure level and the minimum sound pressure level in the entire hall should not be guaranteed. Above 6DB, the maximum/minimum sound pressure level and the average sound pressure level sound should preferably not exceed 3DB.
3. Appropriate reverberation time, reverberation time is an important parameter that affects the sound quality of the theater. Reverberation time control can be used to improve speech intelligibility and tone fullness. Welcome to the home theater network shopping guide network!
4. Frequency response and effective frequency range, frequency response means that the speaker is pressed (generally 1/10 frequency-densified noise power voltage), the speaker is on the reference axis from the reference point, and the sound is output at a certain distance. The pressure varies with frequency, which reverses the speaker's ability to radiate sound waves of different frequencies. The frequency response is usually expressed by the speaker output sound pressure level as a function of the frequency change, called the frequency response curve.
5. The acoustic-to-noise ratio satisfies the requirements. The indoor environmental noise will cause dryness and masking to the normal hearing. The noise in the cinema should not be lower than 42DB.
Nine, the way the room facilities are placed
1. Because the audio-visual room has certain requirements for the ratio of length to width.
2. The placement of the sofa against the wall will result in the loss of the surround effect, resulting in a decline in audio-visual sound quality.
Ten, the realization of reverberation time control
The optimal reverberation time of the home audio-visual room at 500HZ is 0.4~0.6s. According to the Sabin formula, the total sound absorption coefficient of the room can be calculated. According to the site conditions, you can refer to the following settings:
a. Wall sound absorption settings. Dark wood acoustic panels are used on the front and side walls (see the description of the sound insulation section) to ensure adequate sound absorption. The color is dark, in order to better restore the visual effect.
b. In order to avoid the occurrence of standing waves, set a low frequency trap (for a quarter cylindrical sound absorber) at the corner of the front wall. At the same time, a diffused sound absorbing structure is arranged in the first reflective area of ​​the top surface (the "cross grid + sound absorbing body" can be adopted); the side wall is provided with a diffuser (can be in the form of a continuous semicircle or a triangular cylinder, and the surface layer is Sound absorbing material).
c. Ground In order to avoid excessive sound reflection, cork flooring is used, and a certain thickness of carpet can be placed in the sofa area.
XI. Interior furnishings
1. In the audio-visual room, arrange some sound-absorbing materials, such as wall hanging blankets, floor carpets, soft bags, soft wood, etc., to avoid the appearance of large-area mirror materials such as glass and stone. A decorative frame such as a dish rack is placed on the side wall to realize the function of the diffuser. The choice of the back of the sofa is not necessarily too high, generally lower than the normal listening height of the indoors.
Twelve, material description:
1. Wooden sound-absorbing panels: If a resonant sound-absorbing structural panel is used, no sound-absorbing cotton can be added on the back. The structural approach should be changed to: "keel + air layer + sound absorbing cotton + gypsum board + resonant sound absorbing structural board (including air layer and plate body)"
2. Polyester fiber sound absorbing cotton: It is more environmentally friendly than rock wool and glass wool, and is generally used for civil decoration.
3. Spring hanger damper / damping damping pad: This kind of material equipment is more common, but pay attention to the corresponding relationship between its model and weight.
4. Cork flooring: Many cork flooring comes with a structural layer. The structure described in the text can also be replaced by solid wood flooring.
5. The alternative scheme will have a certain discount on the sound insulation effect. The most fundamental realization is still based on the design principle of “room in the roomâ€.
6. Acoustic design According to the process, the site survey should be carried out first, and the detailed data is calculated by software. The above experience design meets most requirements. If the balance between effect and cost performance is to be achieved, deep design is still needed.
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