All the autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government construction department (construction committee), development and reform commission, finance department (bureau), labor security department (bureau), commerce department, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Construction Bureau, relevant departments of the State Council, relevant central enterprises:
The construction industry is the pillar industry of the national economy. It has large employment capacity and high industrial relevance. More than 50% of the fixed assets investment in the whole society can form new production capacity or use value through the construction industry. The added value of the construction industry accounts for about the total domestic production. 7% of the value. The technological progress of the construction industry and the level of energy saving, water saving and material saving have largely influenced and determined the transformation of China's economic growth mode and the speed and quality of the overall development of the national economy in the future. The construction industry has accepted nearly one-third of the surplus labor force in rural areas and plays an important role in solving the "three rural issues".
However, there are still many problems in China's construction industry and engineering construction management system: the modern market system is not mature, the reform of state-owned construction enterprises is not in place, the construction industry resources and energy consumption are large, the technological progress is slow, and the international competitiveness is not strong. The engineering consulting service system is underdeveloped, the degree of marketization of government investment projects is not high, and the government engineering construction supervision system needs further improvement. In order to accelerate the reform and development of China's construction industry, the following opinions are proposed.
I. The guiding ideology and goal of accelerating the reform and development of China's construction industry The guiding ideology for accelerating the reform and development of the construction industry is: in accordance with the requirements of improving the socialist market economic system, implementing the scientific development concept and building a harmonious society, under the government's macro guidance Give play to the basic role of market allocation of resources, promote enterprises to accelerate institutional reform and technological progress through orderly competition; improve government supervision capabilities, focus on solving key problems that restrict the reform and development of the construction industry, and properly handle various interests in the reform process. To maintain social stability and promote the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of China's construction industry.
The goal of accelerating the reform and development of the construction industry is to adapt to the requirements of expanding opening up, establish and improve the modern market system in accordance with China's WTO commitments, create a fair and competitive, standardized and orderly construction market environment; accelerate the innovation of state-owned construction enterprises and strengthen enterprises. Vitality and market competitiveness, foster large-scale enterprise groups with international competitiveness; vigorously promote technological progress in the construction industry, take a new road to industrialization, improve the level of energy saving and water saving in the construction industry; improve the standard system for engineering construction, establish market formation cost Mechanism; reform and construction project organization and implementation methods, improve the degree of marketization of government investment projects, improve the comprehensive benefits of fixed assets investment; further transform government functions, improve project construction quality, safety supervision mechanism, and better play the construction industry in the national economy The role of the pillar industry in development.
Second, accelerate the reform of the enterprise property rights system, realize the institutional mechanism innovation and establish a modern property rights system. The establishment of modern property rights system is the inherent requirement of perfecting the basic economic system. It is the basis for constructing the modern enterprise system. The reform of the property rights system of state-owned construction enterprises should be reformed into investment entities by introducing strategic partners, regulating listing, Sino-foreign joint ventures, and mutual participation. A joint-stock enterprise to develop a mixed-ownership economy. Large-scale construction enterprises should take the property rights system and the modern enterprise system reform as an opportunity to merge and reorganize their subsidiaries according to the principle of regional or specialization, rationalize the relationship between the companies at all levels, realize the optimal allocation of resources, and give full play to the group companies. The overall advantage.
Continue to transform the business operation mechanism. Construction enterprises should study and formulate corporate development goals and strategies, highlight the main business, strengthen management, and effectively improve the core competitiveness and operational efficiency of enterprises. We must continue to deepen the reform of the labor and personnel system and establish a market-based mechanism for selecting and employing people. It is necessary to participate in social insurance in accordance with relevant state regulations and fulfill its payment obligations. It is necessary to improve the incentive and restraint mechanism of enterprises and explore various effective distribution methods. For engineering design consulting enterprises, they can actively explore and implement the equity incentive mechanism in accordance with relevant state regulations. It is necessary to gradually separate the social functions of enterprises, implement separation of main and auxiliary industries, and reform the auxiliary industry, and properly divert surplus personnel.
Deepen the policies and measures for enterprise reform. The reform policies of state-owned industrial enterprises that have been issued by relevant departments of the State Council and local people's governments are applicable to the reform of state-owned construction enterprises. The people's governments of the autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may, in accordance with the actual conditions of the region, formulate policies and measures to support the reform of state-owned construction enterprises. The administrative departments of construction at all levels shall cooperate with the state-owned asset management departments, support state-owned construction enterprises to restructure according to law, and actively coordinate and resolve difficulties and problems in the restructuring. State-owned construction enterprises should carry out reforms in accordance with national laws and regulations and relevant policies, and the disposal of state-owned assets should be fair, open and legal, and avoid the loss of state-owned assets.
Third, optimize the industrial structure, adapt to the market development needs and accelerate the adjustment of the industrial structure of the construction industry. Construction enterprises should be market-oriented, combine their own advantages, accelerate the adjustment of business structure, or broaden the service sector to become stronger and stronger, or highlight the main business to do the specialization to form characteristics, and gradually form subcontracting from general contracting, professional contracting and labor services. The contractor system consisting of enterprises; forming an engineering consulting service system consisting of enterprises such as survey, design and supervision; forming an industrial structure in which large, medium and small enterprises, integrated and professional enterprises are interdependent and coordinated, and satisfy the investment subject Diversification and construction project organization and implementation of diverse needs.
Vigorously promote the construction of general contracting projects. Construction-oriented professional projects, large-scale public buildings and infrastructure construction projects must vigorously promote the construction of general contracting projects. Large-scale design and construction enterprises must expand their functions through various forms such as mergers and acquisitions, improve the project management system, and develop into a comprehensive engineering company with the entire process capability of design, procurement, construction management, test run and other engineering construction. Encourage enterprises with qualifications such as survey, design and construction general contracting, and carry out general contracting business within the scope of engineering projects approved by their qualification level. The general contracting enterprise may, in accordance with the contract or approved by the construction unit, independently select the subcontractor for construction, and bear the overall responsibility for the quality, safety, progress and cost of the project in accordance with the contract.
Actively develop the engineering consulting service system. Cultivating and developing an engineering consulting service system that provides technical and managerial services to investors is an important measure to improve the overall quality of China's construction industry and the investment efficiency of construction projects. It is necessary to improve the current enterprise survey, design, consulting, supervision, bidding agency, cost consulting and other enterprise qualification management methods and qualification standards, and support competent enterprises to broaden the service field. It is necessary to make overall plans, establish and improve the registration system for professionals in the field of engineering construction, and improve the quality of registered practitioners. It is necessary to adhere to the objectivity and impartiality of the feasibility study report of the construction project and provide a scientific basis for investment decision-making. Advocate third-party design consultation on important construction projects and effectively optimize construction plans. Encourage enterprises with qualifications such as engineering survey, design, construction, supervision, cost consulting, and bidding agency to carry out project management business within the scope of engineering projects with qualifications approved, and improve the professionalization and scientific level of construction project management.
Accelerate the structural adjustment of architectural design enterprises. Efforts to build a large-scale comprehensive architectural design enterprise with design theory and design technology to achieve world-class standards, for large-scale public buildings, strengthen program design and expand preliminary design capabilities, expand pre-construction and post-project management functions of construction projects, and gradually construct construction drawings The design is separated. Encourage some architectural design enterprises to reorganize with large-scale construction enterprises, give play to the advantages of design and construction integration, and promote the combination and development of design and construction technology. Vigorously develop professional design firms led by registered architects or registered engineers to promote the development of individualized creation of buildings, prosper design, improve technical level and service quality. The architectural design firm shall, in accordance with the contract or approved by the construction unit, independently select the structural design and other professional design subcontractors, and shall be responsible for the rationality and completeness of the construction project design.
Fourth, develop and strengthen superior enterprises, actively participate in international competition, reorganize and integrate large-scale construction enterprise groups with international competitiveness. In accordance with the principle of market demand, complementary advantages, voluntary enterprise, and government guidance, large-scale construction enterprises with strong overseas competitiveness and comprehensive strength are encouraged to be “leadingâ€, joint and merged research, design, construction and other enterprises to implement interdisciplinary, Cross-regional reorganization, forming a group of large-scale construction enterprise groups with strong capital, talent-intensive, advanced technology and scientific research, design, procurement, construction management and financing. Construction enterprise groups should strengthen strategic management, recruit excellent management talents that adapt to international operations, improve their ability to combine production factors worldwide, develop core and superior technologies, improve marketing networks of key countries and regions, and make their business as soon as possible. Scale, technical quality, safety management level and return on net assets have reached the advanced level of international counterparts.
Encourage companies to participate in international competition. Construction enterprises should give full play to their own technical and management advantages and further increase their efforts to explore the international market. The relevant government departments should speed up the establishment and improvement of foreign contracted engineering regulations, constantly improve the means and measures of supervision, and adopt various economic means to support the development of foreign contracted projects.
V. Strengthening technological innovation and transforming economic growth mode The technological progress of the construction industry should be based on standardization, industrialization and informationization, with scientific organization and management as the means, and construction projects as the carrier to continuously improve the technical level, management level and production capacity of the construction industry. . It is necessary to vigorously develop energy-saving and water-saving building materials, strictly adopt environmentally-friendly and energy-saving building materials, prohibit the use of obsolete products, vigorously develop building standard parts, increase the proportion of industrialized parts of construction parts, improve the level of construction mechanization, and take a new road to industrialization. Promote a fundamental shift in the way the construction industry grows economically.
Large-scale construction enterprises are the main force of technological innovation in the construction industry. They must establish enterprise technology centers, increase investment in science and technology, attach importance to personnel training, strengthen the construction of enterprise standards, strengthen research and development of technology and engineering technology, attach importance to the introduction of technology digestion, absorption and innovation, and attach importance to construction methods. To sum up and improve the development of patents and know-how with independent intellectual property rights. Efforts will be made to improve the breadth and depth of information technology applications in the construction industry, further improve the level of computer-aided design, and popularize the application of computers in project management, construction technology and enterprise management. Designers must implement the principles of resource conservation and environmental protection, carefully optimize the design plan, ensure that the production process, main equipment and main works of the productive construction project are advanced, applicable and reliable, ensuring the application and economy of civil construction projects, and paying attention to the beauty under possible conditions. . It is necessary to commend outstanding design, quality engineering and technical leaders who have made outstanding contributions. Prospecting, design and construction enterprises should actively adopt new technologies, new processes, new equipment and new materials. If they save investment or improve efficiency due to technological innovation, the construction unit should give corresponding material rewards.
6. Vigorously develop labor subcontracting enterprises, do a good job in training and education of migrant workers, and vigorously develop labor enterprises. The competent government departments shall formulate support policies, encourage migrant workers to set up labor subcontracting enterprises, encourage local labor service centers, systematically export migrant workers, and regulate construction and employment behavior. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of the environmental and sanitary conditions of the construction site, encourage construction companies to carry out health, safety and environmental certification, and improve the production and living conditions of the construction site. Construction enterprises must sign labor contracts with migrant workers in accordance with the law, and must pay the wages of migrant workers in full. It is strictly forbidden to owe wages to migrant workers for any reason. Construction enterprises should attach great importance to safe production, and must go through the formalities of participating in work-related injury insurance for migrant workers who form labor relations, and handle accidental injury insurance for migrant workers engaged in dangerous operations on the construction site in accordance with relevant regulations, as an important supplement to work-related injury insurance. Areas with conditions can explore ways to participate in medical insurance that suit the characteristics of migrant workers. The government that centralizes the construction of migrant workers should set up labor service bases and actively carry out order training and directional output. The government that collects migrant workers should establish a construction industry labor service management service information system, coordinate employment guidance, skills training and rights protection, and provide legal advice and assistance to migrant workers. The competent government departments must improve the laws and regulations and strengthen supervision, and investigate and deal with violations of the rights and interests of migrant workers.
Pay attention to the training and education of migrant workers. Improving the production and operation skills of migrant workers is the fundamental measure to ensure the quality of the project and safe production. The government of migrant workers' export destinations shall, in accordance with the "2003-2010 National Migrant Workers Training Plan" forwarded by the General Office of the State Council, incorporate the rural labor force intending to enter the construction industry into the "Sunshine Project for Rural Labor Transfer Training", strengthen organization and coordination, and implement funds and teachers. And training bases, training migrant workers in accordance with local conditions. It is strictly forbidden for migrant workers who do not have the necessary operational skills and safety production knowledge to work.
Seventh, improve the project construction standard system, establish a market to form a cost mechanism and continue to deepen the reform of the project construction standard system. Gradually promote the development of mandatory standards for construction standards to the development of technical regulations and accelerate the implementation of technical legislation. Further improve the management system for the formulation, approval, implementation and implementation of technical regulations and technical standards, fully mobilize social forces, increase capital investment, absorb mature and applicable scientific and technological achievements, and accelerate the formulation or revision of engineering construction standards. Accelerate the construction of standard information, establish and improve the engineering construction standard system with reasonable structure, wide coverage and advanced application. Fully draw on international advanced standards, actively participate in international standardization work, comprehensively improve the standardization level of China's engineering construction field, and accelerate the pace of integration with international engineering construction standards.
Establish a market to form a project cost mechanism. Further improve the supporting measures for the engineering quantity list pricing method. In accordance with the requirements of the investment system and the reform and development of the construction industry, a project cost management system adapted to the market economy system will be constructed. Establish a project cost information system, increase the guidance of the construction market pricing behavior, and timely release consumption standards and price information reflecting the average level of society. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of the construction project price settlement system.
8. Reforming the construction mode of government investment projects, improving the investment efficiency of construction projects, and reforming the construction methods of government investment projects. The core of the reform is to establish a construction project implementation method with clear powers and responsibilities, effective constraints, specialization, socialization and marketization. Non-operating government investment projects shall be selected by the enterprises with project management capabilities through bidding, and shall be handed over to the users after completion and acceptance. The operational government investment project should further improve the project legal person responsibility system and actively organize project construction by means of project general contracting or project project management. The construction unit, project legal person and various construction enterprises shall bear corresponding responsibilities for the project quality, construction period and cost in accordance with the contract. A qualified province or city may also set up a specialized agency composed of professional and technical personnel to be responsible for the construction of government investment projects.
Government investment projects must strictly abide by the construction procedures, carry out construction according to law, implement open tendering and engineering quantity list pricing methods, and implement reasonable low-price bidding on the basis of technical and commercial standard evaluation. It is necessary to strengthen the risk management of government investment projects. The conditional Sheng Autonomous Region and municipality directly under the Central Government can implement centralized treasury payment for government investment projects. All relevant departments should strengthen the supervision and quality supervision of government investment projects, and establish and improve the system of auditing, auditing, post-assessment and accountability.
9. Innovate the government's regulatory system, maintain a good market environment and strive to transform government functions. The administrative departments of construction at all levels must change their concepts, strengthen their service awareness, and improve the accountability system for administrative examination and approval. It is necessary to strengthen the development planning and industrial policy research of the construction industry, strengthen the construction of laws and regulations, and establish and improve the engineering construction management system that is compatible with the market economy. In accordance with the principles of streamlining, unification and efficiency, the project quality, safety and market management resources will be integrated to realize “one-stop†service and centralized law enforcement in the field of engineering construction.
Improve corporate qualifications and individual qualification management systems. Strictly follow the relevant commitments of China's accession to the WTO to further improve the qualification management system for foreign-invested enterprises, and follow the market rules, accelerate the reform of the enterprise qualification management system, adjust the qualification standards, simplify the examination and approval procedures, and support enterprises to further improve the professional registration and practice system. Technicians can obtain the registration qualifications of multiple related industries (professionals) at the same time through the examination. Engineering and technical personnel with multiple registration qualifications should be registered and practised in a construction industry. Relevant departments must strengthen the supervision of market access and market behavior of construction enterprises and registered practitioners in accordance with the law.
Establish a modern market system. Completely break the monopoly of the industry and the regional blockade, and maintain a unified, open, competitive and orderly construction market environment throughout the country. Further improve the bidding and tendering system, adjust the scope of compulsory tendering, and gradually realize that non-government investment projects will decide whether to tender or not without affecting public safety and public interest. The tangible building market should improve the computer management system and expand its service functions. Establish and improve the project risk management system, gradually promote the bidding guarantee, project payment guarantee and performance guarantee system, implement construction engineering insurance, installation engineering insurance and engineering quality insurance system, and implement engineering design, engineering supervision and other engineering consulting institutions professional liability insurance system. Etc., use economic means to regulate the behavior of market entities. Establish a nationwide networked construction credit system, announce the performance of various construction enterprises, intermediaries and various registered practitioners, as well as violations of laws and regulations, implement credit supervision and disciplinary system, and promote the fundamental improvement of the construction market order.
Cultivate development industry associations and social intermediaries. Further strengthen the construction of industry associations, so that the association becomes an independent, fair and independent industry self-regulatory organization. Associations at all levels should establish and improve the self-discipline mechanism of the industry, provide services to members, reflect the demands of members, standardize the behavior of members, and effectively protect the interests of members. Cultivate and standardize intermediary service organizations such as engineering quality inspection, building forensic appraisal, insurance agency, information consultation, legal counsel, etc., and play an intermediary service function to provide coordination, communication, evaluation and supervision services for various market entities involved in engineering construction activities. The administrative departments of construction at all levels must vigorously support the work of industry associations, attach importance to the role of other intermediary organizations, and establish and improve the construction market supervision and construction service system that combines administrative law enforcement, industry self-discipline and intermediary services.
All autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and relevant departments of the State Council shall, in light of the actual conditions of the region and their respective departments, formulate plans for the reform and development of the construction industry, strengthen guidance and coordination, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of China's construction industry and construction industry.
Ministry of Construction, National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Labor and Social Security, Ministry of Commerce, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, July 12, 2005
Source of information: Reprinted
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