Perhaps it is coincidence that the history of human lighting technology is always closely related to the World Expo. At the Paris World Expo in 1889, Edison's incandescent lamp decorated the Eiffel Tower; the 1939 US World Expo, the first practical fluorescent lamp; the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, from the opening ceremony of nearly 9000 square meters of riverside display, to Every night, the night scene of the brightly lit campus, the brilliant LED semiconductor lighting will open a new era of lighting era.
The new era of lighting brought by LEDs is not only reflected in the neon lights that are icing on the cake. In the eyes of the industry, the great future of semiconductor lighting must be the home of ordinary people and the responsibility of the functional lighting of the living room. However, there is still a long way to go to achieve this.
Home lighting, an important "city"
LED semiconductor lighting technology was developed in the late 1960s. Its core component is a light-emitting diode. Its light-emitting principle is on the microscopic scale, which allows the moving electrons to "fall into" the quantum well to generate a certain wavelength of light. Since there is almost no thermal energy loss in this process, the luminous efficiency is much higher than that of conventional incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. In recent years, LEDs have entered a relatively mature stage in landscape lighting, screen display and other applications; however, the application of indoor home lighting has just started, and if this "city pool" is not captured, the real "LED lighting era" will Nothing to talk about.
Dr. Yang Weiqiao, Assistant Director of Shanghai Semiconductor Lighting Engineering Technology Research Center, analyzed that LED home lighting is difficult to popularize, there are technical reasons, and there are also conceptual reasons. At the technical level, the white light required for indoor functional lighting is more difficult to achieve than the red, green and blue lights of landscape lighting. At present, LED white light can reach 80 lumens / watt of illumination, meeting the functional requirements of indoor reading, but the price is 3-8 times higher than conventional lamps. When prices are high, consumers are naturally unacceptable.
In fact, the benefits of LED home lighting are numerous. It can save more than 30% of electricity compared to ordinary lamps; the actual service life of up to 30,000 hours makes the incandescent lamp 1000 hours and the 6000 hours of fluorescent lamps dwarf; it can also adjust the brightness as desired by the user, and reduce the power consumption in the same proportion. Therefore, more and more families in Europe and the United States have removed traditional lamps and installed LED lights.
“In China, people's understanding of LED lighting is either stuck to 'neon' or limited to 'big screen'. LED is used for indoor lighting, and it is still a new concept. Many people may not accept it. In fact, this is bigger and more important. The field of application." Yang Weiqiao said with a little regret.
Lower prices, the key is in domestic enterprises
The industry believes that to make LED lighting technology truly enter the home life, domestic enterprises are the premise of becoming bigger and stronger. The reason why the price of LED indoor lighting is high is that the core technology is in the hands of foreign companies. Once domestic companies can compete with foreign companies on the core technology, the price will loosen.
According to statistics, in 2009, the output value of the national LED industry reached 82.7 billion yuan, of which the application value in the lower end of the industry was more than 60 billion yuan, and the key components of substrate materials, epitaxial growth and chip manufacturing involving core technologies, domestic enterprises. Only created an output value of about 2.8 billion yuan.
"China's key technologies and key equipment for LED epitaxy and chip manufacturing rely on imports, which will become the soft underbelly restricting the development of the industry." Professor Hao Luxi of Tongji University, who is responsible for the overall planning of the night lighting of the Expo site, believes. According to Yang Weiqiao, most of the domestic LED lighting companies are small and scattered, and some even recently heard that the LED industry "fire" has turned around, how much technical content can be imagined. Like many emerging industries, behind the surface prosperity, there are also hidden concerns about the lack of independent core technologies.
To this end, Shanghai Semiconductor Lighting Engineering Technology Research Center is drafting the industry's "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", focusing on epitaxy, chip manufacturing technology and core equipment production and functional lighting applications, through the light of semiconductor lighting at the World Expo, during the post-World Expo period Realizing the “double harvest†of semiconductor lighting family popularization and industrial development
From the Expo "foreseeing" the future LED era
It is estimated that if one-third of the traditional lighting in the country is replaced by LEDs, the annual electricity consumption will be equivalent to the power generated by a Three Gorges hydropower station. In the future LED era, what kind of scene will it be? Under the efforts of Shanghai Semiconductor Lighting Engineering Technology Research Center, several "fragments" have been exhibited at this World Expo -
The “Youth Apartment†on the second floor of “Shanghai Eco-Homeâ€, the indoor lighting is all led by LED, and you can adjust the brightness according to the user's needs. On a cloudy day, the LED lights are slightly open, and they do not need to be very bright, they can complement each other with natural light; at night, the LED lights are fully illuminated. If you need to create a romantic atmosphere, colored LED lamps can also be competent.
In the government office lobby of the Expo Center, bright and comfortable LED lights are illuminated from the top of the 14-meter high to meet the reading requirements of the participants. Li Qinglai, director of the World Expo Group Project of the Expo Group, explained: “The application of LED in indoor functional lighting has always been a bottleneck. The LED lights in the government hall can meet the reading needs at such a long distance, which is a remarkable breakthrough. LED home lighting, we have more confidence."
In 2009, the “Opinions on the Development of Semiconductor Lighting Energy-Saving Industry†issued by the state put forward: By 2015, the independent innovation capability of enterprises will be significantly enhanced, and 3-5 upstream large-scale production enterprises will be produced; the industrial concentration will be significantly improved, with independent brands and larger markets. There are about 10 leading enterprises in the backbone of influence. Many people, like Li Qinglai, are full of confidence in the future of the LED industry.
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