Ultra-high electrochemical performance of linear lithium-ion battery

A research team from Shanghai Fudan University has developed a retractable linear lithium-ion battery that uses two oriented multi-wall carbon nanotube/lithium oxide composite wires as the anode and cathode materials for the battery pack, and No additional collectors and adhesives are used. As the research team published in the journal Applied Chemistry, the new battery can be woven into a lightweight, flexible, flexible, safe and reliable fabric structure with a high energy density rating.

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The two composite wires can be used together to obtain a highly reliable battery pack with an energy density of 27 watt-hours/kg or 17.7 milliwatt-hours/cm3 and a power density of 880 watts/kg or 0.56 watts/cm3. Traditional lithium-ion thin film batteries reflect an order of magnitude improvement in data. The linear battery has strong bending ability and light weight. After 100 bending tests, the storage capacity can retain 97% of the new product.

Thanks to the improved spring structure, the linear battery is superior in elasticity; after 200 times of tensile strength up to 100%, the storage performance is only reduced by 16%. Innovative linear batteries have been developed into stretchable fabric battery packs that are likely to be widely used in the future. Previously, the method of producing a linear electrochemical supercapacitor was to entangle two fiber electrodes together, but the performance of the entire system was poor, and it was not successfully extended to the market.

Lithium-ion battery packs can effectively increase energy density, but the previous design did not consider the form of the wire. In addition to the performance problems, the safety of lithium-ion batteries is also an important factor: when the battery is overcharged, the material lithium will form a dendritic structure, which may penetrate the anode, causing a short circuit in the entire power supply system, eventually causing the battery. Self-ignition. This problem is more serious for linear battery construction, as stretching, winding and bending during use are more likely to cause short circuits.

100 charge and discharge tests at 0.05 mA current, 1 cm line battery showed capacity retention and coulombic efficiency

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This research team at Fudan University successfully solved this safety problem and developed a high-energy density linear lithium-ion battery. The core technology is a special structure and materials used. The anode and cathode chambers are two multi-wall carbon nanotube fibers in parallel, one of which contains lithium titanate (LTO) particles and the other contains lithium manganate (LMO) particles. Due to the parallel nanostructures and ultra-high conductivity, the manufacturing process does not require the use of any current collectors and adhesives.

During the charging process of the battery, lithium ions move from the lithium manganate lattice to the electrolyte, and finally reach the lithium titanate lattice of the anode; during the discharge of the battery, the direction of movement of the lithium ions is just the opposite. The application of lithium titanate composite electrode makes the conversion between elemental lithium and lithium ions occur at a voltage of about 1.5 volts, so the probability of dendritic lithium structure formation is small, short circuit does not occur, and battery safety is guaranteed.

The parallel arrangement of continuous carbon nanotubes can control the nanoparticles to the greatest extent and provide an effective path for charge transport, acting as a current collector. The two electrode wires are distributed in parallel, separated by an insulator layer, and wrapped in a heat shrinkable tube. In order to make the linear battery flexible, the wrapping material can use elastic fibers such as polydimethylsiloxane and apply a thin layer of colloidal electrolyte. In this case, whether the length is stretched to double or rounded into various circles, the battery capacity is not lowered.

Linear cells can be produced as very long fibers, processed into fabric structures, and finally in the form of textiles.

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