Bluetooth 5.0 is the next-generation Bluetooth standard released by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group on June 16, 2016. The new standard will be more comprehensive than Bluetooth 4.2, with a significant improvement in communication speed, communication distance and communication capacity.
The official said that the new Bluetooth 5.0 standard will far exceed the current version, that is, the Bluetooth 4.2LE version, including 4 times the effective transmission distance will be 4.2LE version, that is, in theory, Bluetooth transmission and reception The effective working distance between the devices can reach 300 meters. The transmission speed is twice that of the 4.2LE version and the upper speed limit is 24Mbps.
Mark Powell, executive director of the Bluetooth Technology Alliance, said: "There are currently 8.2 billion Bluetooth products in use worldwide, and the performance improvement of Bluetooth 5 and the future development of Bluetooth give us reason to believe that by 2020, more than three One-of-a-kind IoT devices will use Bluetooth technology. The driving force and innovation of Bluetooth will ensure that it is the best choice for all developers when creating an IoT solution."
Bluetooth technology is a cutting-edge open wireless communication standard that wirelessly connects desktops and laptops, portable devices, PDAs, mobile phones, camera phones, printers, digital cameras, headsets, keyboards and even even over short distances. Computer mouse.
With "Bluetooth" technology, communication between mobile communication terminal devices can be effectively simplified, and communication between the device and the Internet Internet can be simplified, so that data transmission becomes more rapid and efficient. Bluetooth uses a decentralized network structure and fast frequency hopping and short packet technology to support point-to-point and point-to-multipoint communication, working in the global 2.4GHz ISM (ie, industrial, scientific, medical) frequency bands. Its data rate is 1Mbps. Full-duplex transmission is achieved using a time division duplex transmission scheme.
The Bluetooth protocol stack can be divided into four layers according to its functions: core protocol layer (HCI, LMP, L2CAP, SDP), cable replacement protocol layer (RFCOMM), telephone control protocol layer (TCS-BIN) and optional protocol layer (PPP, TCP). , IP, UDP, OBEX, IrMC, WAP, WAE)
In short, Bluetooth technology enables wireless communication between various digital devices, making it possible to scatter scattered desktops into history. With Bluetooth wireless technology, you can easily connect your computer and portable devices, mobile phones, and other peripherals—wirelessly within 9 meters (30 feet) of each other.
Compared with other wireless technologies: infrared, wireless 2.4G, WiFi, Bluetooth has many advantages such as perfect encryption, stable transmission process and rich compatible devices. Especially in today's gradual reduction of the authorization threshold, Bluetooth technology has begun to really spread to all digital devices. However, Bluetooth is not perfect, and from 1.0 to 4.2 to 5.0 now is an extraordinary process.
The 7 main features of Bluetooth 5.0 are introduced:1, faster transmission speed
The developers of Bluetooth 5.0 said that the new version of Bluetooth transmission speed limit is 2Mbps, twice the previous 4.2LE version. Of course, you are unlikely to reach this extreme speed in real life, but you can still experience significant speed improvements.
2, the farther effective distance
Another important improvement of Bluetooth 5.0 is that its effective distance is 4 times that of the previous version, so in theory, when you stand with a mobile phone standing 300 meters away from the Bluetooth speaker, it will continue to put your love. song. That is to say, in theory, the effective working distance between the Bluetooth transmitting and receiving devices can reach 300 meters. Of course, the actual effective distance also depends on the electronic device you use.
3, navigation function
In addition, Bluetooth 5.0 will add more navigation functions, so this technology can be used as an indoor navigation beacon or similar positioning device, combined with wifi can achieve indoor positioning with an accuracy of less than 1 meter. For example, if you are a road idiot like Xiaobian, you can use Bluetooth technology to find a way in the business center of Nuo.
4, Internet of Things function
The Internet of Things is still hot, so Bluetooth 5.0 has a lot of underlying optimization for the Internet of Things, and strives to serve smart homes with lower power consumption and higher performance.
5, upgrade the hardware
Some previous Bluetooth version updates only require upgrades, but Bluetooth 5.0 is likely to require an upgrade to a new chip. However, the old hardware is still compatible with Bluetooth 5.0, and you can't enjoy its new performance. The flagship mobile phone equipped with Bluetooth 5.0 chip will be available in 2017, I believe that the low-end mobile phone will also continue to build Bluetooth 5 chip. Apple will be one of the first to use this technology.
6, more transmission functions
The new Bluetooth 5.0 adds more data transfer capabilities, and hardware vendors can create more complex connectivity systems such as Beacon or location services via Bluetooth 5.0. Therefore, the advertisement data sent by the Bluetooth device can send a small amount of information to the target device without even pairing.
7, lower power consumption
As we all know, Bluetooth is an essential function of smart phones. As more and more smart devices and mobile payment devices need to be turned on, Bluetooth can be enjoyed and gradually integrated into people's lives. The power consumption of Bluetooth has become the standby time of smartphones. A big killer. For this reason, Bluetooth 5.0 will greatly reduce the power consumption of Bluetooth, so that people no longer have to worry about the short standby time in the process of using Bluetooth.
This is due to a little story.
Harold 940-985 AD. Harald Blatand, later known as Harald Bluetooth, unified the whole of Denmark. His name "Blatand" may be taken from two ancient Danish words. "bla" means dark skin, and "tan" is the meaning of a great man. Like many kings, Harold expands everywhere, fighting for politics, economy, and honor. In 960, Harold reached the highest point of his power and conquered Denmark and Norway. And Bluetooth is the "nickname" of the Danish king Viking, because he loves to eat blue plum, his teeth are dyed blue, so he got this "nickname".
In the preparatory phase of the industry association, a very expressive name is needed to name this high-tech. Industry organizers, after a night of discussion about European history and future wireless technology development, some people think it would be appropriate to name King Blatand. King Blatand unifies Norway, Sweden and Denmark; his articulate and sociable, just like this upcoming technology, technology will be defined to allow coordination between different industrial sectors, maintaining the boundaries between various systems Good communication, such as work between the computer, mobile and automotive industries.
Why launch Bluetooth?Bluetooth technology was originally created by Ericsson. The technology began with Ericsson's 1994 program, which is a study of low-power, low-cost wireless communication connections between mobile phones and other accessories. The inventors hope to create a uniform set of rules (standardized protocols) for communication between devices to address mobile electronic devices that are incompatible with each other.
The goal of the research was to find a way to remove the cable between the mobile phone and the PC card, headset, desktop computer and other devices. The study is part of a larger project to study how to connect various communication devices to a cellular network via mobile phones. The company concluded that the last segment of the connection should be a short-range wireless connection. As the project progresses, it is increasingly clear that the range of applications for short-range wireless communications is almost infinite.
In 1997, Ericsson approached mobile device manufacturers with this concept to discuss the development of its project cooperation and the results were supported.
In May 1998, five well-known manufacturers such as Ericsson, Nokia, Toshiba, IBM and Intel Corporation proposed Bluetooth technology when jointly conducting standardization activities for short-range wireless communication technologies.
On May 20, 1999, the five vendors established the Bluetooth "Special Interest Group" (SIG), the predecessor of the Bluetooth Technology Alliance, to enable Bluetooth technology to become the future wireless communication standard. Chipmaster Intel is responsible for the development of semiconductor chips and transmission software. Ericsson is responsible for the development of wireless RF and mobile phone software. IBM and Toshiba are responsible for the development of notebook interface specifications.
In the second half of 1999, the famous industry giants Microsoft, Motorola, Samsung, Lucent and the Bluetooth Special Group jointly launched the Bluetooth technology promotion organization, which set off a “Bluetooth†boom around the world. The global industry is about to develop a large number of applications of Bluetooth technology, which makes Bluetooth technology show an extremely broad market prospect, and indicates that the wave of global wireless communication will be ushered in the beginning of the 21st century.
By April 2000, the SIG had more than 1,500 members, and it grew faster than any other wireless alliance. These companies jointly developed the Bluetooth 1.0 standard and announced it in July 1999. The Bluetooth standard consists of two files:
Basic core agreement - providing design standards;
Basic Application Specification - Provides interoperability guidelines.
The core protocol files describe the RF, baseband, link manager, service discovery protocol, transport layer, and interoperability with other protocols; the application specification file describes the protocols and procedures required for various types of Bluetooth applications.
On October 13, 2006, the Bluetooth SIG (Bluetooth Technology Alliance) announced that Lenovo has replaced IBM's founding member position in the organization and is effective immediately. By becoming a founding member, Lenovo will have a seat in the Bluetooth Technology Alliance board with other industry leaders such as Agere Systems, Ericsson, Intel, Microsoft, Motorola, Nokia and Toshiba, and actively promote the Bluetooth standard. development of.
In addition to its founding members, the Bluetooth SIG includes more than 200 affiliate companies and approximately 6,000 application member companies. As long as companies use the "Bluetooth" trademark to sell products on the market, they must pay trademark usage fees and product certification fees to the Bluetooth Technology Alliance.
In 2008, the Bluetooth Technology Alliance is preparing to set up a membership level for a “primary application member companyâ€. For small and medium-sized enterprises with an annual turnover of less than $3 million, the membership fee is zero, and the cost of authenticating two Bluetooth products is reduced to $2,500.
Bluetooth version evolutionPrior to 5.0, Bluetooth evolved over multiple versions, mainly 1.1, 1.2, 2.0, 2.1, 3.0, 4.0, 4.1, and 4.2. Below we will detail the technical features of each different version:
In the above table:
EDR: Fully called Enhanced Data Rate. By improving the ability of multitasking and the simultaneous operation of multiple Bluetooth devices, EDR enables Bluetooth devices to transmit at speeds up to 3 Mbps.
HS: Full name is High Speed. The HS enables Bluetooth to use WiFi as a transmission method for data transmission, supporting transmission speeds of up to 24 Mbps. The core is based on 802.11. By integrating the 802.11 protocol adaptation layer, the Bluetooth protocol stack can select the correct RF according to different tasks and devices.
BLE: Fully known as Bluetooth Low Energy. One of the most important features of Bluetooth Specification 4.0 is low power consumption. BLE enables Bluetooth devices to be powered by a coin cell battery for years of continuous operation. Clearly, BLE enables Bluetooth devices to have extremely bright applications in markets such as timepieces, remote controls, healthcare and motion sensors.
Single mode can only communicate with BT4.0 and cannot be backward compatible (not compatible with 3.0/2.1/2.0); Dual mode can be backward compatible with BT4.0 transmission and 3.0/2.1/2.0 transmission with ultra low peak. , average and standby mode power consumption, enhanced coverage, the maximum range can exceed 100 meters.
Speed: Supports ultra-short packets at 1Mbps data rate, at least 8 eight-bit, up to 27. All connections use the slowdown breathing mode (sniff subraTIng) added by Bluetooth 2.1 to achieve an ultra-low duty cycle.
Frequency Hopping: Uses adaptive frequency hopping common to all Bluetooth specification versions to minimize crosstalk with other 2.4 GHz ISM band wireless technologies.
Main control: You can sleep longer, only wake up when you need to perform an action.
Delay: The connection setup can be completed in less than 3 milliseconds and data transfer begins.
Robustness: All packets use a 24-bit CRC check to ensure maximum interference.
Security: Packet encryption and authentication using the AES-128 CCM encryption algorithm.
Topology: Each packet receives 32-bit addressing for each reception, theoretically connecting billions of devices; optimized for one-to-one connectivity and supporting one-to-many connections in a star topology; using fast connections and breaks On, data can be transferred within a mesh topology without the need to maintain a complex mesh network.
In addition to the Internet of Things and applications for connecting devices, Bluetooth technology has also been used in recent years. In particular, Beacon technology is changing its positioning and services. By replacing the barcode with Beacon technology, users can easily obtain relevant information. At the same time, it can also use the Bluetooth technology for indoor positioning services, which can be used for indoor navigation of department stores or stations, and the search for counters by department store manufacturers; the other is the expansion of distance and the upcoming Mesh, Bluetooth Expected to bring more change and resiliency to automation solutions.
In addition to the above new development goals, the Bluetooth Alliance also announced in March a new technology TDS (Transport Discovery Service), a technology known in China called Transmission Discovery Technology, available through Bluetooth search and launch range The wireless link, which detects nearby wireless devices and services, and allows the user to turn off the higher power consumption of the device and turn it on when needed. The Bluetooth Alliance hopes that this technology can be used in the IoT environment. Energy management is better.
to sum up:Patric Connolly, principal analyst at research firm ABI Research, said that by 2020, Bluetooth-based Beacon shipments are expected to exceed 371 million. With an eight-fold increase in broadcast data transmission, Bluetooth 5 will further advance the application and deployment of Beacon and location services in the smart home, commercial and industrial markets. The release of Bluetooth 5 is revolutionary. Although it is not as popular as 5G technology, not everyone is concerned about it, but its technical iteration has deeply affected the development direction of the smart home industry and what it can achieve. The degree of intelligence.
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